4
Et les voisines désignèrent l’enfant en disant: "Un fils est né à Noémi." Et elles l’appelèrent Obed. Celui-ci devint le père de Jessé, père de David.
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Ruth 4:7 dans toutes les traductions
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
וְזֹאת֩ לְפָנִ֨ים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל עַל־הַגְּאֻלָּ֤ה וְעַל־הַתְּמוּרָה֙ לְקַיֵּ֣ם כׇּל־דָּבָ֔ר שָׁלַ֥ף אִ֛ישׁ נַעֲל֖וֹ וְנָתַ֣ן לְרֵעֵ֑הוּ וְזֹ֥את הַתְּעוּדָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
Now this was the custom in former time in Israel concerning redeeming and concerning exchanging, to confirm all things: a man drew off his shoe, and gave it to his neighbour; and this was the attestation in Israel.—
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
וְזֹאת֩ לְפָנִ֨ים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל עַל־הַגְּאוּלָּ֤ה וְעַל־הַתְּמוּרָה֙ לְקַיֵּ֣ם כָּל־דָּבָ֔ר שָׁלַ֥ף אִ֛ישׁ נַעֲל֖וֹ וְנָתַ֣ן לְרֵעֵ֑הוּ וְזֹ֥את הַתְּעוּדָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
וזאת לפנים בישראל על הגאולה ועל התמורה לקים כל דבר שלף איש נעלו ונתן לרעהו וזאת התעודה בישראל
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
וְזֹאת לְפָנִים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל עַל־הַגְּאוּלָּה וְעַל־הַתְּמוּרָה לְקַיֵּם כָּל־דָּבָר שָׁלַף אִישׁ נַעֲלוֹ וְנָתַן לְרֵעֵהוּ וְזֹאת הַתְּעוּדָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל׃
Licence: Public Domain
English · The Rashi Ketuvim by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
And this was the custom of yore in Israel for redemption [(sale)] and for exchange [(substitution [chalifin])] to establish every thing: a man [(as a sign of acquisition)] would remove his shoe and give it to his neighbor. And this [became] the [manner of] attestation in Israel.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
This was the former custom in Israel, concerning redemption and exchange, to validate all [such] matters—a man would take off his shoe and give it to the other party—this was the form of validation in Israel.
Licence: CC BY
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Or, jadis en Israël, quand il s’agissait de rachat ou d’échange, tel était le procédé pour rendre définitif un contrat: l’un des contractants retirait sa sandale et la donnait à l’autre. Voilà quelle était la règle en Israël.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die Heilige Schrift, trans. Dr. Simon Bernfeld, Berlin, 1902 - German [de]
Vordem war es nämlich so in Israel: Bei einer Lösung und bei einem Tausch, um irgendetwas zu bestätigen, zog einer den Schuh ab und gab ihn dem anderen; das galt als Zeugnis in Israel.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
A był to starodawny zwyczaj w Izraelu: Przy wykupnie albo przy zamianie, gdy należało cokolwiek stwierdzić, wtedy zzuwał jeden ze stron trzewik i podał go drugiemu; a służyło to jako świadectwo ustępowania dóbr w Izraelu.
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
און אַזױ איז געװען פֿאַרצײַטן אין ישׂראל: בײַ אַן אױסלײז אָדער בײַ אַן אױסבײַט, צו באַפֿעסטיקן עפּעס אַ זאַך, האָט אײנער אַראָפּגעצױגן זײַן שוך און געגעבן דעם אַנדערן. און דאָס איז געװען צום עדות אין ישׂראל.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Sed de la antikva tempo ekzistis kutimo en Izrael, pri elaĉetado kaj ŝanĝado, por firmigi ĉion: oni detiras sian ŝuon kaj donas ĝin al sia proksimulo; kaj tio estas la atesto en Izrael.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Ruth 4:7
Rashi
English
Concerning redemption. This is a sale.
And exchange. This is an exchange.
A man would take off his shoe. This is an act of acquisition, just as we acquire title with a scarf in lieu of a shoe. And our Rabbis of blessed memory differed on this matter, as to who gave [the shoe] to whom. Some say that one acquires title with the utensil of the acquirer, and Bo’az gave [his shoe] to the redeemer, and some say that one acquires title with the utensil of the seller, and the redeemer gave [his shoe] to Bo’az.
This was the form of validation in Yisroel. תְּעוּדָה =] the law of testimony.
The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
English
"In former times, in ancient days that have passed, as 'the faces' are the first.
"Concerning redemption." If a person redeems or exchanges one field for another.
"And this is the testimony." Derived from 'witnessing', about this they would testify, and some interpret the word 'testimony' as habit and custom. And the first is correct.
Sefaria Community Translation · Licence: CC0 · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria