10
Ce sont là les familles des fils de Noé, selon leur filiation et leurs peuplades; et c’est de là que les nations se sont distribuées sur la terre après le Déluge.
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Genèse 10:9 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
He was a mighty hunter before Adonoy. It is therefore said, Like Nimrod, a mighty hunter before Adonoy.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
He was a "mighty snare" [ensnaring men with his mouth and inciting them to rebel against G-d] before the L-rd ["to His face!"], wherefore it is said [of such as he]: "As Nimrod, a mighty snare before the L-rd."
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
הֽוּא־הָיָ֥ה גִבֹּֽר־צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ יֵֽאָמַ֔ר כְּנִמְרֹ֛ד גִּבּ֥וֹר צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהֹוָֽה׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
He was a mighty hunter before the LORD; wherefore it is said: ‘Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before the LORD.’
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
הֽוּא־הָיָ֥ה גִבֹּֽר־צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ יֵֽאָמַ֔ר כְּנִמְרֹ֛ד גִּבּ֥וֹר צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
Licence: Public Domain
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Il fut un puissant ravisseur devant l’Éternel; c’est pourquoi on dit: "Tel que Nemrod, un puissant ravisseur devant l’Éternel!"
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die fünf Bücher Moses, trans. Dr. J. Wohlgemuth, Rödelheim 1899 [de]
Er war ein gewaltiger Jäger vor dem Ewigen; daher man zu sagen pflegt: »Ein gewaltiger Jäger wie Nimrod vor dem Ewigen.«
Licence: Public Domain
English · Modernized Tanakh - Based on JPS 1917, Edited by Adam Cohn
He was a mighty hunter before the LORD; of whom it is said: ‘Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before the LORD.’
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
הוא היה גבר ציד לפני יהוה על כן יאמר כנמרד גבור ציד לפני יהוה
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
הוּא־הָיָה גִבֹּר־צַיִד לִפְנֵי יְהוָה עַל־כֵּן יֵאָמַר כְּנִמְרֹד גִּבּוֹר צַיִד לִפְנֵי יְהוָה׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
ער איז געװען אַ מאַכטיקער יעגער פֿאַר גאָט; דרום װערט געזאָגט: אַזױ װי נִמרוד, אַ מאַכטיקער יעגער פֿאַר גאָט.
Licence: CC0
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
Er war ein verschlagener Held vor Gott: darum sagt man: ein Nimrod gleich verschlagener Held vor Gott.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Li estis potenca ĉasisto antaŭ la Eternulo; tial oni diras: Kiel Nimrod, potenca ĉasisto antaŭ la Eternulo.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Egli fu valoroso cacciatore innanzi al Signore [cioè senza l’eguale]; ond’è che si dice [per esaltare qualche prode guerriero]: simile a Nimròd, valoroso cacciatore innanzi al Signore.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
Był on mocarzem, myśliwym przed Wiekuistym. Przeto się mawia: jako Nimrod mocarz, myśliwy przed Wiekuistym.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Genèse 10:9
Rashi
עברית
גבור ציד. צד דעתן של בריות בפיו ומטען למרוד במקום (ב"ר לז,ב):
לפני ה'. מתכוין להקניטו על פניו (תו"כ בחוקותי פ"ב,ב):
על כן יאמר. על כל אדם מרשיע בעזות פנים יודע רבונו ומתכוין למרוד בו יאמר זה כנמרוד גבור ציד (ב"ר):
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
He was a mighty rebel before the Lord; therefore it is said, From the day that the world was created there hath not been as Nimrod, mighty in hunting, and a rebel before the Lord.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
וטעם לפני ה'. שהי' בונה מזבחות ומעלה אותם החיות עולה לשם וזו דרך הפשט. והדרש דרך אחרת:
על כן יאמר. משל היה גם בימי משה:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
HE WAS A MIGHTY HUNTER BEFORE THE ETERNAL. He ensnared the minds of people by his words, misleading them to rebel against the Omnipresent. Therefore it is said regarding any man who brazenly acts wickedly, knowing his Master and yet intentionally rebelling against Him — it is said, “This man is like Nimrod.” Thus the language of Rashi, and so is the opinion of our Rabbis.
But Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra explained the matter in the opposite way, by way of the plain meaning of Scripture, for he interpreted the verses thus: He began to be a mighty one over the animals in hunting them. Before the Eternal, Ibn Ezra explained, means that he would build altars and offer the animals as whole-offerings before G-d. But Ibn Ezra’s words do not appear to be correct, and lo he justifieth the wicked, for our Rabbis knew by tradition of Nimrod’s wickedness.
The correct interpretation appears to me to be that Nimrod began to be a ruler by force over people, and he was the first monarch. Until his era there were no wars and no reigning monarchs; it was he who first prevailed over the people of Babylon until they crowned him. After that he went to Assyria, and he did according to his will, and magnified himself, and there he built fortified cities with his power and with his might. This is what Scripture intended when it said, And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel…and Accad…and Shinar.
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
'לפני ה, on the whole globe, (seeing that G’d is omnipresent) Jonah 3,3 also means that there was no other city as populous as Nineveh on earth.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
לפני ה, this does not mean that he was on the same wavelength as G’d; on the contrary, such expressions are used when someone equates himself and his illusion of power with that of G’d. Compare Jonah 3,3 עיר גדולה לאלוהים, “a great city, G’d-like.” [they were G’d-like in their arrogance. Ed.]
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Radak (David Kimhi)
English
'הוא היה גבור ציד לפני ה, the word ציד tells us that Nimrod was also a mighty hunter, i.e. that the beasts were in awe of him, too. He both shot and trapped them. People wondered how he managed this. His fame became proverbial. When one encountered an exceptionally powerful individual either then or in the future, one would compare him to Nimrod, saying that he was as great a hero as Nimrod. The meaning of the words לפני ה', is a figure of speech, i.e. if one uses this simile one pays the subject described as such a supreme compliment. Expressions such as עיר גדולה לאלוקים, (Jonah 3,3) or הררי א-ל (Psalms 36,7) and numerous other examples, all use the name of G’d to describe something as outstanding in its category, i.e. as almost divine in nature. Some scholars understand the words לפני ה'' as meaning that Nimrod offered some of the animals he had hunted to G’d as a sacrifice, acknowledging His help. Onkelos is closer to our interpretation when he writes גבר תקיף, an aggressive and powerful man.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria