21
Aliya 5
Il habita le désert de Pharan et sa mère lui choisit une femme du pays d’Egypte.
Aliya 6
Abraham habita longtemps encore dans le pays des Philistins.
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Genèse 21:9 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
Sarah saw that the son of Hagar, the Egyptian, that she had born to Avraham, was mocking.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham, disporting himself [with idolatry].
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
וַתֵּ֨רֶא שָׂרָ֜ה אֶֽת־בֶּן־הָגָ֧ר הַמִּצְרִ֛ית אֲשֶׁר־יָלְדָ֥ה לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם מְצַחֵֽק׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne unto Abraham, making sport.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
וַתֵּ֨רֶא שָׂרָ֜ה אֶֽת־בֶּן־הָגָ֧ר הַמִּצְרִ֛ית אֲשֶׁר־יָלְדָ֥ה לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם מְצַחֵֽק׃
Licence: Public Domain
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Sara vit le fils d’Agar l’Egyptienne, que celle-ci avait enfanté à Abraham, se livrer à des railleries;
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die fünf Bücher Moses, trans. Dr. J. Wohlgemuth, Rödelheim 1899 [de]
Und Sara sah den Sohn der Ägypterin Hagar, den sie Abraham geboren hatte, seinen Spott treiben.
Licence: Public Domain
English · Modernized Tanakh - Based on JPS 1917, Edited by Adam Cohn
And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham, making sport.
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
ותרא שרה את בן הגר המצרית אשר ילדה לאברהם מצחק
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
וַתֵּרֶא שָׂרָה אֶת־בֶּן־הָגָר הַמִּצְרִית אֲשֶׁר־יָלְדָה לְאַבְרָהָם מְצַחֵק׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
און שׂרה האָט געזען דעם זון פֿון הָגָר דער מִצרית, װאָס זי האָט געבאָרן אבֿרהמען, װי ער שפּילט זיך.
Licence: CC0
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
Sara sah aber den Sohn der Ägypterin Hagar, welchen sie dem Abraham geboren, Gespött treiben.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Kaj Sara vidis, ke la filo de Hagar la Egiptino, kiun ĉi tiu naskis al Abraham, mokas.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Sara vide che il figlio dell’egizia Hagar, cui partorito aveva ad Abramo, si faceva beffe [di quell’allegria];
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
I ujrzała Sara syna Hagary, Micrejki, którego urodziła Abrahamowi, szydzącego.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Genèse 21:9
Rashi
עברית
מצחק. לשון עבודת אלילים, כמו שנאמר וַיָּקֻמוּ לְצַחֵק (שמות לב, ו). דבר אחר לשון גילוי עריות, כמה דתימא לְצַחֵק בִּי. דבר אחר לשון רציחה, כמה דתימא יָקוּמוּ נָא הַנְּעָרִים וִישַׂחֲקוּ לְפָנֵינוּ וגו' (שמואל־ב ב, יג): עם בני וגו' מתשובת שרה כי לא יירש בן האמה עם בני, אתה למד שהיה מריב עם יצחק על הירושה, ואמר, אני בכור ונוטל פי שנים, ויוצאים בשדה ונוטל קשתו ויורה בו חצים, כמה דאת אמר כְּמִתְלַהְלֵהַּ הַיֹרֶה זִקִּים וגו', ואמר הֲלֹא מְשַׂחֵק אָנִי (משלי כו, יח־יט):
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
And Sarah observed the son of Hagar the Mizreitha, whom she bare to Abraham, mocking with a strange worship, and bowing to the Lord.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
מצחק. כי כן מנהג כל נער ותקנא בו בעבור היותו גדול מבנה:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
‘METZACHEIK’ (MAKING SPORT). This refers to worshipping idols, murder and sexual immorality. He [Ishmael] quarrelled with Isaac about inheritance, saying, “I am the first-born and will take a double portion.” They then went into the field, and Ishmael took his bow and shot arrows at Isaac, just as you say, As a madman who casteth firebrands, arrows and death, so is the man who deceiveth his neighbor, and saith, Am I not in sport? It is from Sarah’s complaint to Abraham — for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir, etc. — that you learn [that they were quarrelling about the inheritance]. All this is Rashi’s language.
Here too, the Rabbi writes all the different opinions, [mentioned in the following]: “We have been taught: Rabbi Shimon the son of Eleazar said, ‘There are four interpretations of Rabbi Akiba which I interpret differently, and my interpretation seems more acceptable than his. Rabbi Akiba interpreted: “And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne unto Abraham, making sport. Making sport is but a designation for idolatry, etc.” But I say Heaven forbid that such be in the house of the righteous one! Is it possible that he, of whom it was written, For I have known him, to the end that he may command his children and his household, etc., will have in his household idolatry, sexual immorality, and murder? Making sport mentioned here is but a designation for the inheritance. When Isaac was born and everyone rejoiced, Ishmael said to them, “Fools, I am the first-born, and I take a double portion.” From the complaint of our mother Sarah to Abraham you learn [that making sport refers to the inheritance]. And my interpretation seems more acceptable than that of Rabbi Akiba.’”
The expression of the Rabbi, “that Ishmael quarrelled with Isaac about the inheritance,” also does not appear correct for if so, this must have happened much later when Isaac was grown up, and Ishmael would then have been too big for his mother to carry him on her shoulder. Our Rabbis have also said that Ishmael was seventeen years old [at the time he left his father’s house]. If so, this happened at the time when Isaac was weaned, [and Isaac was thus too young for Ishmael to quarrel with him about the inheritance].
Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra said in line with the literal interpretation of Scripture that metzachek means “playing,” as is normal for every boy, and she was jealous of him because he was bigger than her son.
The correct interpretation appears to me to be that this event took place on the day that Isaac was weaned, and Sarah saw Ishmael mocking Isaac or the great feast. It is for this reason that the verse says, And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian — rather than Ishmael — making sport. Similarly, she said, Cast out this bondwoman and her son, for she said: “The slave who mocks his master is deserving of death or stripes, but I want only that you cast him out from before me, and that he should in no way inherit your belongings together with my son, who is the son of the mistress.” She also told Abraham to cast out his mother, as the boy was unable to leave her for he would die if he were to leave his mother.
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
מצחק, in the meantime Ishmael was already 16 years old. Sarah did not want him to remain in the same household any longer so that he would not get ideas about sharing in the inheritance with Yitzchok.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
את בן הגר המצרית, she assumed that the reason Ishmael had made disparaging remarks about Yitzchok was due to his mother putting him up to it, or to the Egyptian genes of his mother coming into play here. We have a saying in Sukkah 56 that the prattle of children in public reflects either what they picked up from their father or what they picked up from their mother. In the case of Ishmael, he certainly did not overhear his father make such disparaging remarks.
מצחק, making fun of the big party Avraham had given to mark the weaning of Yitzchok, He claimed that surely Sarah must have become pregnant from Avimelech. The reason he had not made such remarks already at the time when Yitzchok had been born, was because he had only overheard wicked gossip about this at a later stage, and now he repeated what he had heard.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Radak (David Kimhi)
English
ותרא...מצחק. Ishmael was belittling Yitzchok for having a father who was so much older than he.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria