37
Parachat Vayeshev
Aliya 1
Aliya 2
Aliya 3
Quant aux Madianites, ils le vendirent en Égypte à Putiphar, officier de Pharaon, chef des gardes.
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Genèse 37:22 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
Reuvein said to them, Do not commit bloodshed. Throw him into this pit which is in the wilderness, and do not lay a hand on him. His purpose was to rescue him from their hands, to bring him back to his father.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
And Reuven said to them: Do not spill blood. Cast him into this pit, which is in the desert, but do not send a hand against him, [Reuven saying this (thus the testimony of the Holy Spirit)] in order to rescue him from their hands, to return him to his father.
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֣ם ׀ רְאוּבֵן֮ אַל־תִּשְׁפְּכוּ־דָם֒ הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ אֹת֗וֹ אֶל־הַבּ֤וֹר הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְיָ֖ד אַל־תִּשְׁלְחוּ־ב֑וֹ לְמַ֗עַן הַצִּ֤יל אֹתוֹ֙ מִיָּדָ֔ם לַהֲשִׁיב֖וֹ אֶל־אָבִֽיו׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
And Reuben said unto them: ‘Shed no blood; cast him into this pit that is in the wilderness, but lay no hand upon him’—that he might deliver him out of their hand, to restore him to his father.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֣ם ׀ רְאוּבֵן֮ אַל־תִּשְׁפְּכוּ־דָם֒ הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ אֹת֗וֹ אֶל־הַבּ֤וֹר הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְיָ֖ד אַל־תִּשְׁלְחוּ־ב֑וֹ לְמַ֗עַן הַצִּ֤יל אֹתוֹ֙ מִיָּדָ֔ם לַהֲשִׁיב֖וֹ אֶל־אָבִֽיו׃
Licence: Public Domain
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Ruben leur dit donc: "Ne versez point le sang! Jetez le dans cette citerne qui est dans le désert, mais ne portez point la main sur lui." C’était pour le sauver de leurs mains et le ramener à son père.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die fünf Bücher Moses, trans. Dr. J. Wohlgemuth, Rödelheim 1899 [de]
Und Ruben sprach zu ihnen: Vergießet kein Blut; werft ihn in diese Grube hier in der Steppe, aber legt nicht Hand an ihn! — Er wollte ihn aus ihrer Hand erretten, um ihn zu seinem Vater zurückzubringen.
Licence: Public Domain
English · Sefaria Community Translation
And Reuben went on, “Shed no blood! Cast him into that pit out in the wilderness, but do not touch him yourselves”—intending to save him from them and restore him to his father.
Licence: CC0
English · Modernized Tanakh - Based on JPS 1917, Edited by Adam Cohn
And Reuben said to them: ‘Shed no blood; throw him into this pit that is in the wilderness, but lay no hand upon him’—that he might deliver him out of their hand, to restore him to his father.
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
ויאמר אלהם ראובן אל תשפכו דם השליכו אתו אל הבור הזה אשר במדבר ויד אל תשלחו בו למען הציל אתו מידם להשיבו אל אביו
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם רְאוּבֵן אַל־תִּשְׁפְּכוּ־דָם הַשְׁלִיכוּ אֹתוֹ אֶל־הַבּוֹר הַזֶּה אֲשֶׁר בַּמִּדְבָּר וְיָד אַל־תִּשְׁלְחוּ־בוֹ לְמַעַן הַצִּיל אֹתוֹ מִיָּדָם לַהֲשִׁיבוֹ אֶל־אָבִיו׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
און ראובן האָט צו זײ געזאָגט: איר זאָלט ניט פֿאַרגיסן קײן בלוט; װאַרפט אים אַרײַן אין יענער גרוב װאָס אין מדבר, אָבער אַ האַנט זאָלט איר ניט אױסשטרעקן אױף אים – כּדי אים מציל צו זײַן פֿון זײער האַנט, אים אומצוקערן צו זײַן פאָטער.
Licence: CC0
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
Es sprach Reuben zu ihnen: Vergießet kein Blut, werfet ihn in diese Grube, die in der Wüste ist, aber Hand leget nicht an ihn! Um ihn aus ihrer Hand zu retten, ihn zu seinem Vater zurückzubringen.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Kaj Ruben diris al ili: Ne verŝu sangon; ĵetu lin en ĉi tiun puton, kiu estas en la dezerto, sed manon ne metu sur lin. Ĉar li intencis savi lin el iliaj manoj kaj revenigi lin al sia patro.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Soggiunse loro Ruben: Non versate sangue. Gittatelo in codesta cisterna, ch’è nella campagna, invece di mettergli le mani addosso. (Ciò disse), affine di sottrarlo alla loro mano, per poi restituirlo a suo padre.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
I rzekł do nich Reuben: "Nie rozlewajcie krwi; wrzućcie go do dołu owego, co na puszczy, a ręki nie podnieście nań!" Aby ocalić go z ręki ich, aby go zwrócić ojcu swemu.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Genèse 37:22
Rashi
עברית
למען הציל אתו. רוח הקדש העידה על ראובן שלא אמר זאת אלא להציל אותו, שיבא הוא ויטלנו משם, אמר, אני בכור וגדול שבכולן, לא יתלה הסרחון אלא בי:
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
And Reuben said, Let us not shed innocent blood. Throw him into this pit in the wilderness, but the hand of the slayer stretch not forth against him; because he would deliver him from their hand, and restore him to his father.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
SHED NO BLOOD. Reuben said to them: “I would have been tolerant of you when you thought to kill him by your subtle intrigues, for I too hated him and desired that he be killed by others. But do not spill blood with your hands. Far it be from you!” And Reuben’s intent in all this was to rescue him and restore him to his father. Now Scripture relates that which Reuben told them when they paid heed to him. However, originally he told them other things which they did not accept, as he said to them afterwards, Spoke I not unto you, saying: Do not sin against the child and you would not hear? Now when he saw that they would not listen to the extent of releasing him, he said to them, “If so, shed no blood with your own hands.”
Now Reuben did not say, “Shed not his blood,” [but instead, he said, “Shed no blood,”] in order to make it appear that he is not saying it because he loves him, but in order that they should not spill blood. Thus he taught them that the punishment of he who indirectly causes death is not as great as that of he who personally spills blood.
The meaning of the expression, This pit that is in the wilderness, is that this pit is deep and he will not be able to get out of it, and it is in the desert, and if he cries for help there is no one to rescue him as no one passes by there.
Now Scripture relates that the pit was empty and did not contain water. Had there been water in it they would not have drowned him as they had already avoided spilling his blood. Now Rashi writes: “Since it states that the pit was empty, do I not know that there was no water in it? Why then does it say that there was no water in it? It means to state that water indeed was not in it, however it did contain serpents and scorpions.” This is Rashi’s language quoting from the words of our Rabbis. If so, the serpents and scorpions must have been in the cracks of the pit, or it was deep and they did not know about them. Had they seen them and known that they did not harm Joseph, it would have become clear to them that a great miracle had been done to him, and that he was indeed a perfectly righteous man. They would then have known that his merits would save him from all evil, and how would they touch the anointed one of G-d in whom He delights and whom He saves, even as it says, My G-d hath sent His angel, and hath shut the lions’ mouths, and they have not hurt me; for as much as before Him innocency was found in me. But, we must therefore conclude, they did not know anything about it.
In line with the simple meaning of the verse, it states that the pit was empty and completely devoid of water, for even if there were a little water in it, it would still be called “empty.” to indicate that there was no water at all in it. Similarly, For thou shalt die and not live, which means “not live at all, under any circumstances.” Such redundancies are all for the purpose of clarification and emphasis.
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
השליכו אותו אל הבור הזה אשר במדבר, where no one passes so that he will die from natural causes.
למען הציל, in order to really save him. The verse illustrates Reuven’s intention of not only saving Joseph’s life, but of bringing him back safely to his father, as the Torah testifies later in the course of its narrative.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
ויד אל תשלחו בו, according to your judgment that he deserves killing as a רודף, someone threatening you with death or perdition. (compare Samuel I 24,13 מרשעים יצא רשע וידי לא תהיה בך, “although from wicked people come wicked deeds, my hand will never touch you. [David telling G’d that he will personally not harm his persecutor King Sha-ul, but he leaves it to G’d to deal with him. Ed.]
למען הציל אותו, in order to raise him from the pit afterwards.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Radak (David Kimhi)
English
אל תשפכו דם, his blood is innocent, i.e. he is not guilty of a capital crime. But throw him into this pit if you are so angry about his dreams and the way he presents them. You may repay him by making him feel pain such as yours, but do not touch him in a way that will lead to his death. When Reuven said: “throw him into this pit,” he did so in order to know where to find him later and to bring him back safely to his father after rescuing him from the pit. He did not mean for Joseph to be harmed in any way.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria