38
Aliya 4
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Genèse 38:9 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
Onan knew that the descendants would not be his. Whenever he cohabited with his brother’s wife, he let it go to waste on the ground, in order not to give progeny to his brother.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
And Onan knew that not his would be the seed. And it was, when he came to his brother's wife, that he destroyed [the seed] to the ground ["threshing within and winnowing without"], not to give seed to his brother.
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
וַיֵּ֣דַע אוֹנָ֔ן כִּ֛י לֹּ֥א ל֖וֹ יִהְיֶ֣ה הַזָּ֑רַע וְהָיָ֞ה אִם־בָּ֨א אֶל־אֵ֤שֶׁת אָחִיו֙ וְשִׁחֵ֣ת אַ֔רְצָה לְבִלְתִּ֥י נְתׇן־זֶ֖רַע לְאָחִֽיו׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
And Onan knew that the seed would not be his; and it came to pass when he went in unto his brother’s wife, that he spilled it on the ground, lest he should give seed to his brother.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
וַיֵּ֣דַע אוֹנָ֔ן כִּ֛י לֹּ֥א ל֖וֹ יִהְיֶ֣ה הַזָּ֑רַע וְהָיָ֞ה אִם־בָּ֨א אֶל־אֵ֤שֶׁת אָחִיו֙ וְשִׁחֵ֣ת אַ֔רְצָה לְבִלְתִּ֥י נְתָן־זֶ֖רַע לְאָחִֽיו׃
Licence: Public Domain
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Onân comprit que cette postérité ne serait pas la sienne; et alors, chaque fois qu’il approchait de la femme de son frère, il corrompait sa voie, afin de ne pas donner de postérité à son frère.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die fünf Bücher Moses, trans. Dr. J. Wohlgemuth, Rödelheim 1899 [de]
Onan aber wusste, dass die Nachkommen nicht ihm gehören würden, so oft er daher seines Bruders Frau beiwohnte, verschüttete er es zur Erde, um seinem Bruder keine Nachkommen zu verschaffen.
Licence: Public Domain
English · Modernized Tanakh - Based on JPS 1917, Edited by Adam Cohn
And Onan knew that the descendants would not be his; and it happened when he went in to his brother’s wife, that he spilled it on the ground, so he would not give seed to his brother.
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
וידע אונן כי לא לו יהיה הזרע והיה אם בא אל אשת אחיו ושחת ארצה לבלתי נתן זרע לאחיו
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
וַיֵּדַע אוֹנָן כִּי לֹּא לוֹ יִהְיֶה הַזָּרַע וְהָיָה אִם־בָּא אֶל־אֵשֶׁת אָחִיו וְשִׁחֵת אַרְצָה לְבִלְתִּי נְתָן־זֶרַע לְאָחִיו׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
און אַזױ װי אוֹנָן האָט געװוּסט אַז דער זאָמען װעט ניט געהערן צו אים, איז, אַז ער איז געקומען צו זײַן ברודערס װײַב, האָט ער אױסגעבראַכט צו דער ערד, כּדי ניט צו געבן אַ זאָמען צו זײַן ברודער.
Licence: CC0
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
Onan wußte, daß ihm nicht die Nachkommenschaft werden würde; so oft er daher zu seines Bruders Frau kam, vernichtete er es zur Erde, um seinem Bruder keine Nachkommen zu gewähren.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Sed Onan sciis, ke ne por li estos la idaro; tial, envenante al la edzino de sia frato, li elverŝadis la semon sur la teron, por ne doni idaron al sia frato.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Ma Onàrr, conoscendo che la prole non sarebbe appartenuta a lui, quando aveva commercio colla moglie di suo fratello, lo rendeva infruttuoso, affine di non procurar prole a suo fratello.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
Lecz wiedział Onan, iż nie jego będzie to nasienie; i bywało, ile razy wchodził do żony brata swojego, marnował je na ziemię, aby nie dać potomstwa bratu swojemu.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Genèse 38:9
Rashi
English
ושחת ארצה AND HE DESTROYED ONTO THE GROUND — He 'threshed inside and winnowed outside' (Genesis Rabbah 85:5).
Sefaria Edition · Licence: CC0 · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
And Onan knew that they would not call the children after his name, and it was, when he entered to the wife of his brother, that he corrupted his work upon the earth, that he might not raise up children to his brother's name.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
כי לא לו יהיה הזרע. לא יקרא בשמו. כטעם והיה הבכור אשר תלד:
ושחת ארצה. היה משחית זרע הקרי ושופך לחוץ בארץ. ואתמה מבן תמים המזרחי שפי' ושחת ארצה שעשה לה שלא כדרך הנשים בעבור שלא תהר והנה שחת הארץ שלה. כי עליו היא יושבת בארץ וזה פי' שגעון וחלילה חלילה להתגאל זרע הקדש בטנוף הטנוף:
נתן זרע. כמו השלם:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
כי לא לו יהיה הזרע, people in those days were extremely fussy about this point.
נתן זרע, the vowel kametz here is in fact a chataf kametz, as every word spelled plene, i.e. with the vowel cholem as the letter ו when it appears in construct form such as here has this vowel shortened to a chataf kametz. The result is that the stress will be on the last syllable, whereas the word following immediately afterwards will have its stress on the first syllable. In effect this makes the words נתן זרע in our verse as if they had been connected by the hyphen, makkif. Other examples of similar constructions are Psalms 145,8 ארך אפים וגדל חסד [where the word גדל is a shortened version of גדול with the ו as the vowel cholem. Ed.] Another example is found in Exodus 21,11 ואם שלש אלה לא יעשה לה, “if he will do none of these three things for her, etc.” Yet another such construction is found in Numbers 35,14 אבל את שלש הערים, “however the three cities, etc.”
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
כי לא לו יהיה הזרע, he knew that not he alone would get the credit for performing this act of love for his deceased brother, seeing that part of the merit would go to his older brother seeing he had first fulfilled the commandment of marrying, so that he would share in the merit of having a son sired posthumously through a levirate union with his widow by his younger brother. [I fail to understand how someone who married in order to use sex only as an act of self-gratification can be described as having acquired a merit by the act of marrying. Perhaps gratifying the sex urge only with someone to whom one is married is by itself a מצוה, and this is what Seforno had in mind. Ed.]
לבלתי נתן זרע לאחיו, for not having given his seed for the use (perpetuation on earth) of his deceased brother.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Radak (David Kimhi)
English
וידע אונן, he realised this only when his father said to him that it was his task to see that his brother’s seed would be perpetuated. ושחת ארצה, he ejaculated outside her vagina, just as we explained in connection with Er.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria