18
Parachat Yitro
Aliya 1
Aliya 2
Aliya 3
Moïse reconduisit son beau-père, qui s’en retourna dans son pays.
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Exode 18:11 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
Now I know that Adonoy is greater than all the gods, because the very thing they plotted came upon them.”
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
Now I know [even more than in the past] that greater is the L-rd than all the gods [(There was no idolatry in the world that Yithro had not served)]. For [they (the Egyptians) were destroyed] by the [very] thing [water] whereby they devised evil against them.
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּֽי־גָד֥וֹל יְהֹוָ֖ה מִכׇּל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּ֣י בַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָד֖וּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods; yea, for that they dealt proudly against them.’
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
עַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּֽי־גָד֥וֹל יְהוָ֖ה מִכָּל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כִּ֣י בַדָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר זָד֖וּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
Licence: Public Domain
English · Sefaria Community Translation
[And Yisro further said] "Now I know that Hashem is greater than all other [false] gods, [and I know that] because of all that did to them (the Mitzriyim)"
Licence: CC0
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
עתה ידעתי כי גדול יהוה מכל האלהים כי בדבר אשר זדו עליהם
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
עַתָּה יָדַעְתִּי כִּי־גָדוֹל יְהוָה מִכָּל־הָאֱלֹהִים כִּי בַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר זָדוּ עֲלֵיהֶם׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
אַצונד װײס איך, אַז יהוה איז גרעסער פֿון אַלע געטער, װאָרום דערפֿאַר װאָס זײ האָבן געמוטװיליקט איז דאָס געקומען אױף זײ.
Licence: CC0
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Je reconnais, à cette heure, que l’Éternel est plus grand que tous les dieux, puisqu’il a été dans cette circonstance où l’on avait agi tyranniquement à leur égard."
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Ora conosco ch’il Signore è più grande di tutti gli dèi. Sì, (lo riconosco) nella maniera ch’insolentirono contro di essi [e per cui poi furono sì esemplarmente puniti].
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
Teraz poznałem, że wyższym Wiekuisty, nad wszystkie bogi; gdyż tą samą rzeczą, którą przeciw nim umyślili - On na nich."
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die Heilige Schrift, trans. Dr. Simon Bernfeld, Berlin, 1902 - German [de]
Nun weiß ich, dass der Herr größer ist denn alle Götter, denn im vollen Maß, wie sie gefrevelt, kam die Strafe über sie.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
Jetzt habe ich erkannt, daß Gott größer als alle Götter ist; denn ich erkannte ihn gerade in dem, was sie über sie Böses ersonnen hatten.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Nun mi scias, ke la Eternulo estas pli granda ol ĉiuj dioj; ĝi estas pro tio, ke tiuj malbonintencis kontraŭ ili.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Exode 18:11
Rashi
עברית
עתה ידעתי. מכירו הייתי לשעבר, ועכשיו ביותר (מכילתא שם):
מכל האלהים. מלמד שהיה מכיר בכל עבודת אלילים שבעולם, שלא הניח עבודת אלילים שלא עבדה (מכילתא שם):
כי בדבר אשר זדו עליהם. כתרגומו, במים דִּמּוּ לאבדם והם נאבדו במים:
אשר זדו. אשר הרשיעו. ורבותינו דרשוהו (סוטה יא.) לשון ויזד יעקב נזיד (בראשית כה, כט), בקדרה אשר בשלו בה נתבשלו:
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
Now have I known that the Lord is stronger than all gods; for by the very thing by which the Mizraee wickedly would have punished Israel by (drowning them in) the sea, upon themselves came the punishment, in being punished in the sea.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
ופי' עתה ידעתי. פירשתיו בפרשת שמות בפסוק ואמרו לי מה שמו:
וטעם כי בדבר. בעבור הדבר שזדו המצרים על עם ישראל. וכן הזכיר למעלה ידעתי כי גדול ה' מכל האלהים ה' שעושה דין על שהעבידו אותם בפרך. וכן כתוב כי ידעת כי הזידו עליהם. כאדם שיעשה בזדון רצונו וכבר כתוב כי ידעתי את מכאוביו וארד להצילו מיד מצרים:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
FOR IT IS IN THE THING THAT ‘ZADU’ UPON THEM. The meaning of this is that in the matter wherein the Egyptians premeditated on the basis of zadon (premeditated, conscious sin), as is explained further in the text. [their wickedness] against Israel, I [Jethro] now know that the Eternal is greater than all gods. And the purport thereof is as follows: Due to the fact that G-d had decreed upon Israel, and they shall enslave them, and they should afflict them, there would have been no great punishment meted out to the Egyptians. But they acted presumptuously against them, and intended to eradicate them from the world, just as they said, Come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply. Pharaoh commanded the midwives to kill the male children,, Verse 16. and he decreed upon [all his people, saying], Every son that is born [unto the Israelites] ye shall cast into the river., Verse 22. It was due to this that there came upon the Egyptians the kind of punishment which utterly destroyed them. It is this principle which is expressed in His words, And also that nation that made slaves of them will I judge, as I have explained. (Vol. I, pp. 203-205.) Now G-d saw their intentions, and He took vengeance upon them for the wickedness of their hearts. And thus does Scripture say again, And Thou didst show signs and wonders upon Pharaoh… for Thou knowest that they dealt insolently against them, for the punishment was because of the wicked plans they devised to carry out against the Israelites. Thus the Eternal looketh on the heart, and executeth justice for the oppressed, avengeth and is full of wrath, and no one can deter Him.
Now Onkelos translated [the above Scriptural expression] thus: “for by that very thing with which the Egyptians thought to judge Israel, they themselves were judged.” By this rendition, Onkelos meant to say that their punishment came because of the drowning of the [Hebrew] children in the river, which was not part of the Divine decree, and they shall enslave them, and they shall afflict them. Therefore, He destroyed them by water.
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
מכל האלוהים. None of these other deities has the power to avenge their worshipers from unjust sufferings they have endured.
כי בדבר, meaning that G’d requited for every sin committed by the Egyptians in an appropriate and fitting manner. This is the basic meaning of the insight Yitro had now gained.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
כי בדבר אשר זדו עליהם. G’d saved the people by using the very means the Egyptians had used to harm them to harm their oppressors. The word זדו, past tense, occurs as future tense, יזיד in Exodus 21,14 describing the deliberate commission of a crime, a sin. The sin Yitro had in mind was that G’d had killed the Egyptian firstborn as a retribution for the male babies of the Jewish people having been thrown into the river to drown. (Exodus 1,22). The Egyptians died by drowning just as their victims the Jewish babies had died by drowning. Yitro recognised that the ability to make the punishment fit the crime is what put our G’d in a class all by Himself, unparalleled in any other religion. None of G’d’s agents in the celestial spheres, even, would be able to do this.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria