18
Parachat Yitro
Aliya 1
Aliya 2
Aliya 3
Moïse reconduisit son beau-père, qui s’en retourna dans son pays.
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Exode 18:12 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
[Then] Yisro, Moshe’s father-in-law, brought a burnt-offering and [peace]-offerings to God. Aharon and all the elders of Yisrael came to eat bread with [Yisro,] Moshe’s father-in-law, before God.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
And Yithro, Moses' father-in-law, took a burnt-offering and peace-offerings (for sacrifice) to G-d. And Aaron and all the elders of Israel [(with Moses "in attendance")] came to eat bread with Moses' father-in-law before G-d [(whence it is seen that deriving enjoyment from a feast partaken of by Torah scholars is akin to basking in the Divine radiance)].
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
וַיִּקַּ֞ח יִתְר֨וֹ חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֛ה עֹלָ֥ה וּזְבָחִ֖ים לֵֽאלֹהִ֑ים וַיָּבֹ֨א אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְכֹ֣ל ׀ זִקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לֶאֱכׇל־לֶ֛חֶם עִם־חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
And Jethro, Moses’father-in-law, took a burnt-offering and sacrifices for God; and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses’father-in-law before God.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
וַיִּקַּ֞ח יִתְר֨וֹ חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֛ה עֹלָ֥ה וּזְבָחִ֖ים לֵֽאלֹהִ֑ים וַיָּבֹ֨א אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְכֹ֣ל ׀ זִקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לֶאֱכָל־לֶ֛חֶם עִם־חֹתֵ֥ן מֹשֶׁ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃
Licence: Public Domain
English · Sefaria Community Translation
And Yisro, who was the father-in-law of Moshe took an Olah offering and a peace offering to G-d, and Aharona and all of the elders of [the B'nai] Yisroel to eat bread before G-d
Licence: CC0
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
ויקח יתרו חתן משה עלה וזבחים לאלהים ויבא אהרן וכל זקני ישראל לאכל לחם עם חתן משה לפני האלהים
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
וַיִּקַּח יִתְרוֹ חֹתֵן מֹשֶׁה עֹלָה וּזְבָחִים לֵאלֹהִים וַיָּבֹא אַהֲרֹן וְכֹל זִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לֶאֱכָל־לֶחֶם עִם־חֹתֵן מֹשֶׁה לִפְנֵי הָאֱלֹהִים׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
און יִתרוֹ, משהס שװער, האָט געבראַכט אַ בראַנדאָפּפֿער און שלאַכטאָפּפֿער צו גאָט; און אַהרן און אַלע עלטסטע פֿון ישׂראל זײַנען געקומען עסן ברױט מיט משהס שװער פֿאַר גאָט.
Licence: CC0
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Jéthro, beau-père de Moïse, offrit holocauste et d’autres sacrifices à Dieu; et Aaron et tous les anciens d’Israël vinrent partager le repas du beau-père de Moïse, en présence de Dieu.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Ithrò suocero di Mosè offrì a Dio olocausti e sacrifizi; ed Aronne, e tutti gli anziani d’Israel, recaronsi a cibarsi col suocero di Mosè davanti a Dio.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
I przyniósł Ithro, teść Mojżesza, całopalenia i ofiary Bogu; przyszedł téż Ahron i wszyscy starsi ludu, aby spożyć chléb z teściem Mojżesza przed Bogiem.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die Heilige Schrift, trans. Dr. Simon Bernfeld, Berlin, 1902 - German [de]
Jetro, der Schwäher Moses, brachte Gott Brandopfer und Schlachtopfer dar, und Aaron und alle Ältesten Israels kamen zu speisen mit dem Schwäher Moses vor Gott.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
Jitro, Mosches Schwiegervater, weihte Gott ein Emporopfer und Mahlopfer, und Aharon, sowie alle Ältesten Jisraels, kam mit dem Schwiegervater Mosches vor Gott zu speisen.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Kaj Jitro, la bopatro de Moseo, alportis al Dio bruloferon kaj buĉoferojn; kaj Aaron kaj ĉiuj ĉefoj de Izrael venis, por manĝi panon kun la bopatro de Moseo antaŭ Dio.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Exode 18:12
Rashi
עברית
עולה. כמשמעה, שהיא כולה כליל:
זבחים. שלמים:
ויבא אהרן וגו'. ומשה היכן הלך, והלא הוא שיצא לקראתו וגרם לו את כל הכבוד, אלא שהיה עומד ומשמש לפניהם:
לפני האלהים. מכאן שהנהנה מסעודה שתלמידי חכמים מסובין בה, כאילו נהנה מזיו השכינה (ברכות סד.):
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
And Jethro took burnt offerings and holy sacrifices before the Lord, and Aharon and all the elders of Israel came to eat bread with the father-in-law of Mosheh before the Lord; and Mosheh stood and ministered before them.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
ויקח. עולה וזבחים. הם השלמים.
וטעם לאלהים. כי עתה יחל להיות לו השם הנכבד לאלהים:
ויבא אהרן וכל זקני ישראל. ואין צורך להזכיר משה כי באהלו היו:
לאכל לחם. שלמים:
וטעם לפני האלהים. כי אהל משה היה לצד מזרח אהל מועד:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
AND JETHRO, MOSES’ FATHER-IN-LAW, TOOK A BURNT-OFFERING AND SACRIFICES FOR G-D. All this took place before they came to Mount Sinai., where Ramban develops at length his explanation that Jethro, having arrived at the mount of G-d, sent a messenger to Moses in Rephidim, informing him of his arrival. Moses thereupon went out to meet him and brought him to Rephidim, where this feast took place. It was thus before Israel’s arrival at Mount Sinai that all this took place. It is also possible to explain that Scripture arranged the entire narrative of Jethro [in one section] even though this particular event occurred after he had stayed with the Israelites a long time and, in the meantime, became converted through circumcision, immersion, and the sprinkling of the blood of a sacrifice, according to the law., i.e., of the Passover-offering (above, 12:48). Immersion is mentioned further (19:10), and so is the bringing of a sacrifice (24:5). At the time of the Sanctuary, immersion and a sacrifice were required of a female proselyte. Nowadays, immersion alone is the prerequisite to her entrance into the covenant. See Rambam, Mishneh Torah, Hilchoth Isueri Biah, Chapter 13, for further eludication of these principles. See also Ramban further, 19:10.
AND AARON CAME, AND ALL THE ELDERS OF ISRAEL, TO EAT BREAD. That is, with Jethro in the day of his espousals, [i.e., in the day of his entrance into the covenant with G-d], for he was then as a newly-circumcised child.
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
ויבא אהרן וכל זקני ישראל לאכול לחם עם חתם משה, in honour of the arrival of Yitro they all came to the meal. There was no need to mention that Moses also participated as the meal was served in his tent, he being the host.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
עולה וזבחים לאלוקים. This was intended as a symbol of Yitro’s acceptance of the yoke of Heaven. A similar symbolic acceptance is found in Kings II 5,17 when the general Naaman undertakes never again to offer such sacrifices as עולה וזבחים to any deities other than the G’d in heaven.
לאכול לחם עם חותן משה, to rejoice with him on his entry into the select circle of those who serve the only true G’d, the Creator of the universe. He joined the ranks of those who are described by David in Psalms 149 as ישמח ישראל בעושיו, “Israel rejoices in Him Who has proved to be its Creator.”
לפני האלוקים. in front of the altar on which they offered these sacrifices. It is not clear if this was the altar Moses had built after the victory over Amalek (in the event Yitro had arrived before the revelation at Mount Sinai) or if it had been another altar whose erection had not been especially mentioned by the Torah. At any rate, the consuming of the offerings known as זבחים, “meat-offerings,” took place within view of the altar.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria