14
Aliya 4
Aliya 5
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Genèse 14:20 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
And blessed be the Most High Almighty Who has delivered your enemies into your hand. [Avram] gave him a tenth of everything.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
And blessed is G-d on High, who has delivered your foes into your hand. And he (Avram) gave him a tithe of all, [Malkitzedek being a Cohein].
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
וּבָרוּךְ֙ אֵ֣ל עֶלְי֔וֹן אֲשֶׁר־מִגֵּ֥ן צָרֶ֖יךָ בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ מַעֲשֵׂ֖ר מִכֹּֽל׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
and blessed be God the Most High, who hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand.’ And he gave him a tenth of all.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
וּבָרוּךְ֙ אֵ֣ל עֶלְי֔וֹן אֲשֶׁר־מִגֵּ֥ן צָרֶ֖יךָ בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ מַעֲשֵׂ֖ר מִכֹּֽל׃
Licence: Public Domain
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Et béni le Dieu suprême d’avoir livré tes ennemis en ta main!" Et Abram lui donna la dîme de tout le butin.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die fünf Bücher Moses, trans. Dr. J. Wohlgemuth, Rödelheim 1899 [de]
Und gelobt sei der höchste Gott, der deine Feinde in deine Hand geliefert! Und er gab ihm den Zehnten von allem.
Licence: Public Domain
English · Modernized Tanakh - Based on JPS 1917, Edited by Adam Cohn
and blessed is God the Most High, who has delivered your enemies into your hand.’ And he gave him a tenth of all.
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
וברוך אל עליון אשר מגן צריך בידך ויתן לו מעשר מכל
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
וּבָרוּךְ אֵל עֶלְיוֹן אֲשֶׁר־מִגֵּן צָרֶיךָ בְּיָדֶךָ וַיִּתֶּן־לוֹ מַעֲשֵׂר מִכֹּל׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
און געבענטשט זאָל זײַן דער העכסטער גאָט װאָס האָט איבערגעענטפֿערט דײַנע פֿײַנט אין דײַן האַנט. – און ער האָט אים געגעבן מעשׂר פֿון אַלצדינג.
Licence: CC0
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
und gesegnet der höchste Gott, der deine Feinde in deine Hand gegeben! Er gab ihm den Zehnten von allem.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
kaj benata estu Dio Plejsupra, kiu transdonis viajn malamikojn en viajn manojn. Kaj Abram donis al li dekonaĵon el ĉio.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
E benedetto Iddio altissimo che ti diede in mano i tuoi nemici. Ed (Abramo) gli diede la decima d’ogni cosa.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
I błogosławiony Bóg Najwyższy, który wydał wrogi twoje w moc twoję!" I dał mu dziesięcinę ze wszystkiego.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Genèse 14:20
Rashi
עברית
אשר מגן. אשר הסגיר, וכן אֲמַגֶּנְךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל (הושע יא, ח):
ויתן לו. אברם (יוב"ע), מעשר מכל אשר לו, לפי שהיה כהן:
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
And blessed be Eloha Ilaha, who hath made thine enemies as a shield which receiveth a blow. And he gave to him one of ten, of all which he brought back.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
מגן. כמו נתן. וכן עטרת תפארת תמגנך והמ"ם שורש ואברם הוציא המעשר לכבוד השם ולא מצא אדם ראוי לתתו לו כמלכי צדק:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
AND HE GAVE HIM A TENTH OF ALL. Abraham did not wish to take for himself from a thread even to a sandal tie. But the part of the Most High he set aside in order to give it to the priest. Now the king of Sodom went out to meet Abraham at the vale of Shaveh in his honor, and he accompanied him to the city of Salem where Melchizedek brought out bread and wine for the people that followed him. The king of Sodom did not ask anything of Abraham, but when he saw his generosity and righteousness in giving the tithe to the priest, then he also asked for the souls by way of charity. Abraham, trusting that his G-d will give him riches, possessions and honor, did not wish to take anything from him, and so he returned all the wealth of Sodom which belonged to him, and all the wealth of Gomorrah for it to be returned to its owners. The king of Sodom had asked above all for the souls, but Abraham’s consideration above all was that they should not say that they made Abram rich. Now the other places mentioned had been destroyed by the enemy in battle; only the wealth of Sodom and Gomorrah, among the cities of the five kings, fell into the hands of the enemy because since their kings were lost in the slime pits, their cities remained defenseless.
It is possible that [the plunder from the other three cities is alluded to] in the words of Abraham: “If from a thread even to a sandal tie will remain with me of all the wealth that has come to me from all of you; and if I take anything that is thine of your wealth which you, the king of Sodom, gave me.”
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
וברוך אל עליון, this power G’d gave to Avram to enable him to overcome his enemies, is a blessing for the Lord. He is able to rejoice in the deeds of His creatures when the wicked perish, and when He makes the righteous rejoice in their success. David expressed it in these words in Psalms 117,1-2 שבחוהו כל האומים גי גבר עלינו חסדו, “Praise the Lord all you nations. Extol Him, all you peoples; for great is His steadfast love toward us;”
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Radak (David Kimhi)
English
וברוך אל עליון, he described G’d in terms of a different attribute, i.e. “the supreme G’d.” In due course, Avraham also used this attribute to describe G’d in order to make plain to any listener that any other so-called deities are all subservient to this G’d, so that they are totally unfree and cannot be considered deities.
מגן צריך, “He delivered them into your hands.” We find this verb used in a similar sense in Hoseah 11,8 אמגנך ישראל, “How can I surrender you, Israel? The choice of the word צריך”your oppressors,” is strange, seeing that no one had mistreated Avram or oppressed him. Since the 4 kings had singled out one of Avram’s relatives their action was interpreted as a potential attack on Avram, to lure him to come to the defense of his nephew.
ויתן לו מעשר מכל, according to most commentators, Avram was the subject in this verse and Malki Tzedek was the recipient. Avraham supposedly gave Malki Tzedek 10% of the cattle captured, in his capacity of being a priest of G’d. My late revered father, Rabbi Joseph Kimchi, explained that actually Malki Tzedek “gave” Avram the tithe as a legal claim. He pronounced it as Avram’s by right, seeing that the King of Sodom had had the effrontery to claim that which Avram had captured as his. In the conversation between Avram and the King, Avram had insisted that he would not accept anything for himself from the King of Sodom, not even a shoelace. What he meant was that the King was in no position to even make an offer of something that was not his. (verse 21) At that point, Malki Tzedek intervened, telling Avram (and the King) that at least 10% of the loot was Avram’s by right, as it is the right of anyone who frees property stolen or forcefully taken from its rightful owner to retain this as a kind of fee for services rendered. This interpretation is correct; if we accept the interpretation of the commentators, by what legal right Avram could give away to Malki Tzedek property that legally belonged to the King of Sodom an d had been illegally taken from him? If he did not think it was right for him to accept same, why would it be in order to give it instead to Malki Tzedek?
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria