42
Aliya 5
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Genèse 42:7 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
Yoseif saw his brothers and he recognized them, but he acted like a stranger to them. He spoke harshly to them, and said to them, Where did you come from? They said, From the land of Canaan to buy food.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
And Joseph saw his brothers and he recognized them, and he acted like a stranger to them, speaking harshly to them: "Where did you come from!" And they said: From the land of Canaan to buy food.
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
וַיַּ֥רְא יוֹסֵ֛ף אֶת־אֶחָ֖יו וַיַּכִּרֵ֑ם וַיִּתְנַכֵּ֨ר אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם וַיְדַבֵּ֧ר אִתָּ֣ם קָשׁ֗וֹת וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶם֙ מֵאַ֣יִן בָּאתֶ֔ם וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ כְּנַ֖עַן לִשְׁבׇּר־אֹֽכֶל׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
And Joseph saw his brethren, and he knew them, but made himself strange unto them, and spoke roughly with them; and he said unto them: ‘Whence come ye?’ And they said: ‘From the land of Canaan to buy food.’
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
וַיַּ֥רְא יוֹסֵ֛ף אֶת־אֶחָ֖יו וַיַּכִּרֵ֑ם וַיִּתְנַכֵּ֨ר אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם וַיְדַבֵּ֧ר אִתָּ֣ם קָשׁ֗וֹת וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶם֙ מֵאַ֣יִן בָּאתֶ֔ם וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ כְּנַ֖עַן לִשְׁבָּר־אֹֽכֶל׃
Licence: Public Domain
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
En voyant ses frères, Joseph les reconnut; mais il dissimula vis à vis d’eux, et, leur parlant rudement, leur dit: "D’où venez vous?" Ils répondirent: "Du pays de Canaan, pour acheter des vivres.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die fünf Bücher Moses, trans. Dr. J. Wohlgemuth, Rödelheim 1899 [de]
Als nun Joseph seine Brüder sah, erkannte er sie; er stellte sich aber fremd gegen sie, und redete mit ihnen hart. Er fragte sie: Wo kommt ihr her? Da antworteten sie: Aus dem Lande Kanaan, um Lebensmittel einzukaufen.
Licence: Public Domain
English · Modernized Tanakh - Based on JPS 1917, Edited by Adam Cohn
And Joseph saw his brothers, and he knew them, but made himself strange to them, and spoke roughly with them; and he said to them: ‘Why do you come?’ And they said: ‘From the land of Canaan to buy food.’
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
וירא יוסף את אחיו ויכרם ויתנכר אליהם וידבר אתם קשות ויאמר אלהם מאין באתם ויאמרו מארץ כנען לשבר אכל
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
וַיַּרְא יוֹסֵף אֶת־אֶחָיו וַיַּכִּרֵם וַיִּתְנַכֵּר אֲלֵיהֶם וַיְדַבֵּר אִתָּם קָשׁוֹת וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם מֵאַיִן בָּאתֶם וַיֹּאמְרוּ מֵאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן לִשְׁבָּר־אֹכֶל׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
און יוֹסף האָט געזען זײַנע ברידער, און האָט זײ דערקענט, אָבער ער האָט זיך געמאַכט פֿרעמד צו זײ, און האָט גערעדט מיט זײ האַרט, און האָט צו זײ געזאָגט: פֿון װאַנען קומט איר? האָבן זײ געזאָגט: פֿון לאַנד כּנַעַן, אײַנצוקױפֿן שפּײַז.
Licence: CC0
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
Wie Josef seine Brüder sah, erkannte er sie. Er stellte sich ihnen aber fremd und sprach mit ihnen in harter Weise und sagte zu ihnen: Wo kommt ihr her? Sie sagten: Vom Lande Kenaan, Nahrung im einzelnen einzukaufen.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Kiam Jozef ekvidis siajn fratojn, li rekonis ilin; sed li ŝajnigis sin fremda al ili kaj parolis kun ili malafable, kaj diris al ili: El kie vi venis? Kaj ili diris: El la lando Kanaana, por aĉeti manĝaĵon.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Giuseppe, veduti i suoi fratelli e riconosciutili, si finse loro straniero, parlò con essi aspramente, e disse loro: Onde venite? Ed essi dissero: Dal paese di Cànaan, per comprar viveri.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
I ujrzał Josef braci swoich, i poznał ich; lecz udawał obcego wobec nich, i przemówił do nich surowo, i rzekł do nich: "Zkądeście przyszli?" I odpowiedzieli: "Z ziemi Kanaan, dla zakupienia żywności."
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Genèse 42:7
Rashi
עברית
ויתנכר אליהם. נעשה להם כנכרי בדברים לדבר קשות (ב"ר צא, ז):
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
And Joseph saw his brethren, and recognised them; but he made himself as a stranger in their eyes, and spake hard words to them, and said to them, Whence come yon? And they said, From the land of Kenaan, to buy corn.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
English
He recognized … Yoseif recognized. He knew immediately that they were his brothers, but only after he examined them more carefully did he know who was who.
Yalkut, Sifsei Chachomim Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
AND JOSEPH SAW HIS BRETHREN, AND HE RECOGNIZED THEM. Immediately as he saw them he recognized them, and he feared lest they recognize him. And he made himself strange (‘vayithnakeir’) unto them by putting a mitre upon his forehead and part of the face, thus disguising himself, just as it is said concerning the wife of Jeroboam, Arise, I pray thee, and disguise thyself, that thou be not known to be the wife of Jeroboam, in a physical sense. Joseph disguised himself by placing his mitre over his face. Further on, Ramban mentions a second interpretation. See Note 126. and it further says, For it will be, when she cometh in, that she ‘mithnakeirah’ (will pretend to be another woman)., Verse 6. It may be that the word vayithnakeir here means that he made himself strange by his words, speaking to them harshly and asking them in anger — as if it were not customary to come before him to purchase food — “From where do you come to appear before me?” And they said, From the land of Canaan to buy food. When they mentioned this to him, it then became clear to him that they were indeed his brothers. This is the meaning of the expression, And Joseph recognized his brethren, which is mentioned a second time to indicate an additional sense of recognition and knowledge of the truth with respect to them.
Now Rashi wrote in explanation of the word vayithnakeir: “He made himself like a nochri (stranger) in conversation by speaking harshly to them.” According to Rashi’s opinion, the word vayithnakeir signifies that he spoke to them as a man who is a nochri (stranger). But this is not correct. having the same root as heker (recognition), except that the word here changes its meaning so as to indicate its opposite. See Rashi on Exodus 27:3, where he says that there are many such words in the Hebrew language. In the case before us, the word vayithnakeir would thus mean that Joseph made himself unrecognizable by speaking harshly to them. See my Hebrew commentary, p. 232.
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
מאין באתם?; he pretended not to know who they were.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
ויכירם, he recognised them collectively as being his brothers, without being able to recognise who each brother was.
ויתנכר אליהם, he adopted a manner totally uncharacteristic of him, by speaking arrogantly, masking his true voice, etc, apart from the fact that he spoke to them in Egyptian having everything he said translated into Hebrew by an interpreter.
קשות, so that they would not recognise his voice.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Radak (David Kimhi)
English
וירא יוסף...ויכירם, our sages explain that the fact that Joseph had left home when he did not have a beard yet, whereas his brothers already had beards accounts for the fact that whereas they did not recognise him, he recognised them. (quoted by Rashi) It is possible that they would have recognised him in spite of his having grown a beard if they had not seen the man confronting them dressed in the uniform of the highest ranking nobles of the land. They could not imagine that this man could be Joseph even if there had been points of resemblance. The idea that someone who had been sold into slavery had risen to such power was too mind-boggling for them.
ויתנכר, Joseph moreover deliberately misrepresented himself to prevent their suspecting that it might be him.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria