19
Parachat Kedoshim
Aliya 1
Aliya 2
Le pontife lui fera expier par ce bélier délictif, devant le Seigneur, le péché qu’il a commis, et le péché qu’il a commis lui sera pardonné.
Aliya 3
Aliya 4
Observez donc toutes mes lois et tous mes statuts, et accomplissez-les: je suis l’Éternel."
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Lévitique 19:3 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
A man—you shall fear his mother and father and keep My Sabbaths, I am Adonoy, your God.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
A man, his mother and his father shall you fear, [("mother" is stated before "father" because a man normally fears his father more than he does his mother)], and My Sabbaths shall you keep [(If parents bid their children to transgress mitzvoth, they are not to be heeded)]: I am the L-rd your G-d [(Both you and your parents are obliged to honor Me.)] [What is "fear"? Not sitting in his place, not speaking in his stead, not contradicting his words.]
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
אִ֣ישׁ אִמּ֤וֹ וְאָבִיו֙ תִּירָ֔אוּ וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ אֲנִ֖י יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and ye shall keep My sabbaths: I am the LORD your God.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
אִ֣ישׁ אִמּ֤וֹ וְאָבִיו֙ תִּירָ֔אוּ וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
איש אמו ואביו תיראו ואת שבתתי תשמרו אני יהוה אלהיכם
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
אִישׁ אִמּוֹ וְאָבִיו תִּירָאוּ וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַי תִּשְׁמֹרוּ אֲנִי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
איר זאָלט איטלעכער האָבן אָפּשײַ פֿאַר זײַן מוטער און זײַן פֿאָטער, און מײַנע שבתים זאָלט איר היטן: איך בין יהוה אײַער גאָט.
Licence: CC0
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Révérez, chacun, votre mère et votre père, et observez mes sabbats: je suis l’Éternel votre Dieu.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
Bójcie się każdy matki swojej i ojca swojego; a Sabbatów Moich przestrzegajcie: Jam Wiekuisty, Bóg wasz!
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die Heilige Schrift, trans. Dr. Simon Bernfeld, Berlin, 1902 - German [de]
Jeder fürchte seine Mutter und seinen Vater, und meine Schabbatot beobachtet. Ich bin der Herr, euer Gott.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Ĉiu el vi timu sian patrinon kaj sian patron, kaj Miajn sabatojn observu: Mi estas la Eternulo, via Dio.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Lévitique 19:3
Rashi
עברית
איש אמו ואביו תיראו. כל אחד מכם תיראו אביו ואמו, זהו פשוטו ומדרשו אין לי אלא איש, אשה מנין, כשהוא אומר תיראו, הרי כאן שנים אם כן למה נאמר איש, שהאיש ספק בידו לעשות, אבל אשה רשות אחרים עליה:
אמו ואביו תיראו. כאן הקדים אם לאב, לפי שגלוי לפניו שהבן ירא את אביו יותר מאמו, ובכבוד הקדים אב לאם, לפי שגלוי לפניו שהבן מכבד את אמו יותר מאביו, מפני שמשדלתו בדברים:
ואת שבתתי תשמרו. סמך שמירת שבת למורא אב, לומר אף על פי שהזהרתיך על מורא אב, אם יאמר לך חלל את השבת אל תשמע לו, וכן בשאר כל המצות:
אני ה' אלהיכם. אתה ואביך חיבים בכבודי, לפיכך לא תשמע לו לבטל את דברי איזהו מורא, לא ישב במקומו ולא ידבר במקומו ולא יסתור את דבריו. ואיזהו כבוד, מאכיל ומשקה, מלביש ומנעיל, מכניס ומוציא:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
Let every man revere his mother and his father, and keep the days of My Sabbaths: I am the Lord your God.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
English
I have already told you in the parasha of Mishpaṭim [comment on Exodus 21:2] that every commandment is self-contained, but that nevertheless, there are associations among the commandments that account for their juxtaposition in the verses. The parasha of Qedoshim begins with the commandment, each of you will revere [plural] his mother and father . Scripture has already said [Exodus 20:12] that whoever honors his parents will enjoy long life; consequently, whoever dishonors his parents shortens his life, and Scripture accordingly tells us to fear our parents as well as to honor them. The verse mentions the mother before mentioning the father, because a child at first recognizes only his mother. Later, he recognizes his father. Afterwards he recognizes the Sabbath (it is incumbent upon a child to observe the Sabbath, unlike the remaining festivals). Eventually he will come to recognize his God, Who rested on the seventh day. The next logical obligation is “Do not turn to the idols” [:4]. We know from tradition what constitutes “reverence” of one’s parents. Scripture employs brevity by using only one instance of the word ’ish to signify Each of you [Hebrew: ’ish ’ish]. The plural form of the verb revere informs us that anyone who sees the law being broken must teach and compel the lawbreaker to change. The same principle applies to keeping the Sabbath, since the plural form you shall observe is used.
I am God your God You shall do as I do, Who rested from all labor.
Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch - trans. by Jay F. Shachter · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
ואת שבתותי תשמורו, just as in the Ten Commandments the command to honour parents appeared next to the commandment to observe the Sabbath, honouring parents is almost on a par with honouring the Creator Himself, the Torah placed these two commandments next to one another here too. This is the plain meaning of the text.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
The Torah now begins to explain in detail the commandment to honour father and mother, by writing that everyone is to relate with reverence to his mother and father respectively. These words teach that in addition to providing for aged and economically unstable parents with food, drink and clothing, the children (adults by then) must not look down on their parents who in the meantime have become economically dependent on their children. Our sages spelled this out in Kidushin 31 where they said: “sometimes someone feeds his father the most delicious and expensive dishes while the manner in which he does this contributes to the son’s losing his share in the hereafter, whereas on the other hand, a son could earn his share in the hereafter even by expecting his father to perform physically hard labour.” In the latter case, the son explains to the father lovingly why he cannot offer him luxuries but he treats him with love and concern and listens to his father’s words of advice. Having dealt with the implications of the fifth of the Ten Commandments, the Torah now turns to the fourth of the Ten Commandments, that of Sabbath observance, and writes:
ואת שבתותי תשמורו, words which do not only refer to the Sabbath of Creation, but to a variety of “Sabbath” legislations such as the “Sabbath” of the land known as sh’mittah, as well as the Sabbath of “money,” i.e. the demand for the lender to forego repayment of past due debts by the debtor at the end of the sh’mittah year. Al these types of “Sabbath” legislation are testimony to the fact that the Creator Who legislates such laws was the originator of the universe, hence His right to demand such obeisances from His creatures.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria