33
A Juda, il adressa cette bénédiction: "Ecoute, Seigneur, le vœu de Juda, en l’associant à son peuple; que son bras s’en fasse le champion et lui serve d’auxiliaire contre ses ennemis."
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Deutéronome 33:17 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
His firstborn ox, glory to him, and re’em’s horns are his horns, with which he will gore together peoples to the ends of the earth; and they are Ephraim’s myriads, and they are Menasheh’s thousands.’’
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English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
The grandeur [and kingdom] of his "ox" [(Joshua, who comes from Joseph and who conquered many kings)] is accorded him [see Numbers 27:20], and the horns of a re'em are his horns [i.e., they are as strong as those of an ox and beautiful as those of a re'em]. With them he shall gore peoples as one, the ends of the earth [i.e., thirty-one kings from the ends of the earth, (Eretz Yisrael being so desirable that there was no king who did not establish a seat in it)]. And they [the "gored ones"] are the ten thousands of Ephraim [i.e., those slain by Joshua, who came from Ephraim], and they are the thousands of Menasheh [i.e., those slain by Gideon in Midian (Judges 8:10)].
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עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
בְּכ֨וֹר שׁוֹר֜וֹ הָדָ֣ר ל֗וֹ וְקַרְנֵ֤י רְאֵם֙ קַרְנָ֔יו בָּהֶ֗ם עַמִּ֛ים יְנַגַּ֥ח יַחְדָּ֖ו אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ וְהֵם֙ רִבְב֣וֹת אֶפְרַ֔יִם וְהֵ֖ם אַלְפֵ֥י מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃ {ס}
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English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
His firstling bullock, majesty is his; And his horns are the horns of the wild-ox; With them he shall gore the peoples all of them, even the ends of the earth; And they are the ten thousands of Ephraim, And they are the thousands of Manasseh.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
בְּכ֨וֹר שׁוֹר֜וֹ הָדָ֣ר ל֗וֹ וְקַרְנֵ֤י רְאֵם֙ קַרְנָ֔יו בָּהֶ֗ם עַמִּ֛ים יְנַגַּ֥ח יַחְדָּ֖ו אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ וְהֵם֙ רִבְב֣וֹת אֶפְרַ֔יִם וְהֵ֖ם אַלְפֵ֥י מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃ (ס)
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עברית · Tanach with Text Only
בכור שורו הדר לו וקרני ראם קרניו בהם עמים ינגח יחדו אפסי ארץ והם רבבות אפרים והם אלפי מנשה
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עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
בְּכוֹר שׁוֹרוֹ הָדָר לוֹ וְקַרְנֵי רְאֵם קַרְנָיו בָּהֶם עַמִּים יְנַגַּח יַחְדָּו אַפְסֵי־אָרֶץ וְהֵם רִבְבוֹת אֶפְרַיִם וְהֵם אַלְפֵי מְנַשֶּׁה׃
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ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
זײַן ערשטגעבאָרענער אָקס, ער האָט פּראַכט, און הערנער פֿון אַ װיזלטיר זײַנען זײַנע הערנער; מיט זײ װעט ער שטױסן די פֿעלקער, די עקן פֿון דער ערד מיטאַנאַנדער; און דאָס זײַנען די צענטױזנטן פֿון אפֿרים, און דאָס זײַנען די טױזנטן פֿון מנשה.
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Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Le taureau, son premier-né qu’il est majestueux! Ses cornes sont celles du reêm: avec elles il terrassera les peuples, tous ensemble jusqu’aux confins de la terre. L’une, ce sont les myriades d’Ephraïm, l’autre, les milliers de Manassé!"
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
Pierworodny jego cielec wspaniałości pełen, - rogami bawołu rogi jego; niemi ludy zbodzie, społem krańce ziemi: oto myriady Efraima, i oto tysiące Menaszy!"
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die Heilige Schrift, trans. Dr. Simon Bernfeld, Berlin, 1902 - German [de]
Ein majestätischer erstgeborener Stier! Seine Hörner gleichen denen Rëems, mit diesen stößt er die Völker allesamt, bis an die äußersten Grenzen des Landes; das sind die Myriaden Efraims und die Tausende Manasses.
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Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Lia unuenaskita bovido estas belega, Kaj liaj kornoj estas kiel kornoj de bubalo; Per ili li kornobatos ĉiujn popolojn kune ĝis la randoj de la tero. Tio estas la dekmiloj de Efraim, Tio estas la miloj de Manase.
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Commentaires sur Deutéronome 33:17
Rashi
עברית
בכור שורו. יש בכור שהוא לשון גדלה ומלכות, שנאמר (תהלים פט, כח) אף אני בכור אתנהו, וכן (שמות ד, כה) בני בכורי ישראל: בכור. מלך היוצא ממנו והוא יהושע שכחו קשה כשור לכבש כמה מלכים:
הדר לו. נתון לו שנאמר (במדבר כז, כ) ונתתה מהודך עליו:
וקרני ראם קרניו. שור, כחו קשה, ואין קרניו נאות, אבל ראם, קרניו נאות, ואין כחו קשה, נתן ליהושע כחו של שור ויופי קרני ראם:
אפסי ארץ. שלשים ואחד מלכים אפשר שכלם מארץ ישראל היו, אלא אין לך כל מלך ושלטון שלא קנה לו פלטרין ואחזה בארץ ישראל, שחשובה לכלם היא, שנאמר (ירמיה ג, יט) נחלת צבי צבאות גוים:
והם רבבות אפרים. אותם המנגחים הם הרבבות שהרג יהושע, שבא מאפרים:
והם אלפי מנשה. הם האלפים שהרג גדעון במדין, שנאמר (שופטים ח, י) וזבח וצלמנע בקרקר וגו':
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
The birthright had belonged to Reuben, but was taken from him and given to Joseph at the beginning; from thence comes the splendour of his glory and praise. For as it may not be that a man should work the ground with the firstling of his herd, so are not the children of Joseph to be reduced to servitude among the kingdoms; and as the reema pusheth with his horns the beasts of the wilderness, so will the sons of Joseph predominate together among the peoples in all the ends of the earth. Myriads will be slain in Gulgela by Hoshea bar Nun who hath arisen from the house of Ephraim, and thousands of the Midyance by Gideon bar Yoash who will be of the tribe of Menasheh.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
English
glory denotes a vast panorama. The reference is to their great numbers.
the horns of a wild ox refers to their power.
the myriads of Ephraim as Yaaqov predicted [Genesis 48: 19].
Ibn Ezra on the Pentateuch; trans. by Jay F. Shachter · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
B’CHOR’ (THE FIRSTLING) OF HIS BULLOCK, MAJESTY IS HIS. “B’chor (firstborn) is sometimes used to denote greatness and sovereignty, as it is said, I also will appoint him [David] first born. Similarly, Israel is My son, My first born. [Hence, this verse means:] The strength of the king who will come forth from him [Joseph] — namely, Joshua — will be as great as that of an ox to subdue many kings. And his horns are the horns of the wild-ox. The ox has great strength but its horns are not beautiful; the wild-ox, on the other hand, has beautiful horns but its strength is not great. Moses then ascribed to Joshua the strength of an ox and the beauty of the horns of the wild-ox. And they are the ten thousands of Ephraim — those who are gored are the myriads whom Joshua, a descendant of Ephraim, slew. And they are the thousands of Menasheh — the thousands whom Gideon [a descendant of Menasheh] slew of Midian, as it is said, Now Zebah and Zalmunna were in Karkor. Many thousands are enumerated there.”. All these — a total of 135,000 — were defeated by Gideon. Thus far the language of Rashi. But this interpretation leaves the verse in disorder. Since the expression his horns are the horns of the wild-ox is a description of the firstling of the bullock, namely Joshua, how could it be said that he [a descendant of Ephraim] gore with them [the horns] the thousands of Menasheh, the victims of Gideon [a descendant of Menasheh]? And the language of the Sifre is as follows: 353. “Since Scripture has not made clear to us how many Canaanites were slain by Joshua, it states Now Zebah and Zalmunna were in Karkor — all one hundred and thirty-five thousand.. All these — a total of 135,000 — were defeated by Gideon. Therefore it is stated, and they are the thousands of Menasheh. ” The intent of the Rabbis is to interpret that the phrase with them he shall gore the peoples all of them, even the ends of the earth is also an allusion to Joshua. The verse says that these ends of the earth which he [the tribe of Joseph] will gore, are the ten thousands that Ephraim — meaning Joshua — slew, and they are the [same] thousands slain afterwards by Menasheh. For Joshua slew them all [the nations], and of their descendants who arose after them Menasheh slew thousands from among them. Similarly it is taught there [in the Sifre]: 353. “With them he shall gore the …
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
בכור שורו, although Yehudah is the leader of the tribes, just as the lion is the leader of the free roaming beasts, the ox ranks first among the domesticated pure animals, as we know from a comment by our sages in Chagigah 13 that the lion is the king among the predators whereas the ox is the king among the domesticated animals. This makes Joseph rank second among twelve tribes. Compare Hoseah 13,1 כדבר אפרים רתת נשא הוא בישראל, “when Ephrayim spoke piety in Israel he was exalted.” The prophet spoke of the earlier generations such as when Joshua was the leader, when Ephrayim was highly esteemed. in the eyes of G‘d as well as by the people.
הדר לו, even though he does not enjoy the official position of being Royalty, he is fit and deserving of such honours.
בהם עמים ינגח יחדו, he, together with the tribe of Yehudah, proving Royalty will prevail over many nations by locking horns with them. Compare Isaiah 11,13-14 “then Ephrayim’s envy shall cease and Yehudah’s harassment shall end; Ephrayim shall not envy Yehudah, and Yehudah shall not harass Ephrayim. They shall pounce on the back of the Philistines to the west and together they shall topple peoples of the east.”
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria