22
Aliya 3
Si elle avait été mise en pièces, qu’il en produise la preuve; il ne paiera point pour la bête mise en pièces.
et mon courroux s’enflammera et je vous ferai périr par le glaive et alors vos femmes aussi deviendront veuves et vos enfants orphelins.
Aliya 4
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Exode 22:14 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
If the owner is [involved] with him, then he [the borrower] need not make restitution. If it was hired, it [the ox] comes in its rental price.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
If its owner were with him [whether in the same work (as the animal) or some other work, even if he were not with him at the time of breaking or death], he (the borrower) shall not pay. If it (the animal) were hired, it came by its hire [into the hands of the hirer, who, paying for it, (unlike the borrower), is not liable for mischance. (There is a difference of opinion as to whether he is to be regarded as an unpaid watcher or as a paid one.)]
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
אִם־בְּעָלָ֥יו עִמּ֖וֹ לֹ֣א יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם אִם־שָׂכִ֣יר ה֔וּא בָּ֖א בִּשְׂכָרֽוֹ׃ {ס}
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
If the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good; if it be a hireling, he loseth his hire.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
אִם־בְּעָלָ֥יו עִמּ֖וֹ לֹ֣א יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם אִם־שָׂכִ֣יר ה֔וּא בָּ֖א בִּשְׂכָרֽוֹ׃ (ס)
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
אם בעליו עמו לא ישלם אם שכיר הוא בא בשכרו
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
אִם־בְּעָלָיו עִמּוֹ לֹא יְשַׁלֵּם אִם־שָׂכִיר הוּא בָּא בִּשְׂכָרוֹ׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
אױב איר בעל־הבית איז מיט איר, דאַרף ער ניט באַצאָלן. אױב זי איז אַ געדונגענע, גײט דאָס אַרײַן אין איר לױן.
Licence: CC0
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Si le propriétaire se trouvait là, il ne paiera point. Si la bête était louée, il l’a eue sous le bénéfice de cette location.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Se il proprietario gli era appresso, non pagherà. Se però era mercenario, è venuto per la sua mercede [cioè se il padrone della bestia era là per lavorare a mercede, non poteva sorvegliarla, e quindi la sua presenza non esonera l’altro dall’obbligo di pagargliela, se muore o si storpia].
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
Jeżeli zaś właściciel jego był przytém, - to płacić nie powinien. Jeżeli wynajętém jest, to wchodzi to w miejsce jego wynagrodzenia.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die Heilige Schrift, trans. Dr. Simon Bernfeld, Berlin, 1902 - German [de]
Wenn der Eigentümer bei ihm war, bezahlt er nichts; wenn er es gegen Lohn geborgt, so hatte er daran Mietsrecht.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
War aber dessen Eigentümer bei ihm, so hat er es nicht zu ersetzen. War es ein Gemietetes, so war es für sein Mietgeld gekommen.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Se ĝia mastro estis apud ĝi, tiam li ne devas kompensi. Se ĝi estis dungita, li perdis sian dungomonon.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Exode 22:14
Rashi
עברית
אם בעליו עמו. בין שהוא באותה מלאכה בין שהוא במלאכה אחרת, היה עמו בשעת שאלה, אינו צריך להיות עמו בשעת שבורה ומתה (שם צה:):
אם שכיר הוא. אם השור אינו שאול אלא שכור, בא בשכרו ליד השוכר הזה ולא בשאלה, ואין כל הנאה שלו, שהרי על ידי שכרו נשתמש, ואין לו משפט שואל להתחייב באונסין. ולא פירש מה דינו אם כשומר חנם או כשומר שכר, לפיכך נחלקו בו חכמי ישראל, שוכר כיצד משלם, רבי מאיר אומר כשומר חנם, רבי יהודה אומר כשומר שכר:
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
If the owner be with it, he shall not make it good: if it had been lent for profit, its loss came on account of its hire.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
אם. שהוא ראה בעצמו איך נשבר או מת. וככה השכיר שבא עם השוכר בדרך אחד. השלים לדבר על גניבת ממון. ועתה ידבר על גניבת הלב הוא המפתה. כי ההווה לפתות הנערות שאין דעתם שלימה:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
אם שכיר הוא, if the animal in question had been hired by the one working it
בא בשכרו, the risks involved were accepted by the party renting out the animal for work. The situation is not comparable to the case of the party who had received the animal on loan as a friendly gesture. As a result of this difference the party hiring such an animal is not responsible for accidents. He shares the same degree of responsibility which the Torah imposed on the trustee who gets paid for looking after other people’s property. If the animal had been stolen or disappeared due to negligence, the fact that the man who hired it had paid for this does not relieve him of responsibility for preventing theft or disappearance. There are differences of opinion regarding the degrees of liability between Rabbi Meir and Rabbi Yehudah in Baba Kamma 45.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
אם בעליו עמו, during the time the animal performs the work for which it has been loaned out.
לא ישלם, the borrower. The reason is that under most circumstances, the animal has been loaned after both parties had agreed what kind of work it would be used for. Its status therefore is similar to that of a gift on the understanding that it would be returned. When one makes this kind of gift one does not draw up a list of conditions pertaining to the precise use the gift may be made of. If such a list of conditions had indeed been drawn up the nature of the entire transaction would have been nullified, it would no longer be classified as a temporary gift at all, but the owner would remain effectively the owner, so that non return, even deliberately, would not constitute a dereliction resulting in his being entitled to compensation from the “borrower.” The presence of the owner during any accident which had befallen the loaned animal is taken by the Torah as proof that he had never relinquished any part of his ownership, hence he is not entitled to compensation. One does not get compensation for losing what belongs to one.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria