22
Aliya 3
Si elle avait été mise en pièces, qu’il en produise la preuve; il ne paiera point pour la bête mise en pièces.
et mon courroux s’enflammera et je vous ferai périr par le glaive et alors vos femmes aussi deviendront veuves et vos enfants orphelins.
Aliya 4
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Exode 22:28 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
[Your offering of] the fullness [of your newly ripened produce] and of your terumah-offering’s you must not delay. The first-born of your sons, you shall give to Me.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
Your fullness [the obligation that is incumbent upon you when your produce has fully ripened, i.e., bikkurim (first fruits)] and your dema (terumah) you shall not delay [you are not to change the order of their separation. You are not to take terumah before bikkurim or ma'aser before terumah]. The first-born of your sons you shall give to Me [(Redeem him from the Cohein for five sela'im)].
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
מְלֵאָתְךָ֥ וְדִמְעֲךָ֖ לֹ֣א תְאַחֵ֑ר בְּכ֥וֹר בָּנֶ֖יךָ תִּתֶּן־לִֽי׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
Thou shalt not delay to offer of the fulness of thy harvest, and of the outflow of thy presses. The first-born of thy sons shalt thou give unto Me.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
מְלֵאָתְךָ֥ וְדִמְעֲךָ֖ לֹ֣א תְאַחֵ֑ר בְּכ֥וֹר בָּנֶ֖יךָ תִּתֶּן־לִּֽי׃
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
מלאתך ודמעך לא תאחר בכור בניך תתן לי
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
מְלֵאָתְךָ וְדִמְעֲךָ לֹא תְאַחֵר בְּכוֹר בָּנֶיךָ תִּתֶּן־לִּי׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
די גאָב פֿון דײַן פֿולקײט און דײַן שֶפֿע זאָלסטו ניט שפּעטיקן. דעם בכָור פֿון דײַנע זין זאָלסטו אָפּגעבן צו מיר.
Licence: CC0
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Ton abondance et ta liqueur, ne diffère pas à les offrir; le premier-né de tes fils, fais m’en hommage.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Non indugiare le tue derrate solide e liquide [cioè i relativi diritti sacerdotali]. Il primogenito de’ tuoi figli darai a me.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
Z pełnią ziarna i płynów twoich nie ociągaj się; pierworodnego z synów twoich oddasz Mi.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die Heilige Schrift, trans. Dr. Simon Bernfeld, Berlin, 1902 - German [de]
Mit [der Gabe] von deinem Getreide und deinem Maß zögere nicht; die Erstgeborenen unter deinen Söhnen sollst du mir weihen.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
Von deiner Ackerfülle und deiner Traubenpresse sollst du die Spenden nicht verschieben; den Erstgeborenen deiner Söhne gibst du mir.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Vian abundon kaj sukon ne retenu; la unuenaskiton el viaj filoj vi devas doni al Mi.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Exode 22:28
Rashi
עברית
מלאתך. חובה המוטלת עליך כשתתמלא תבואתך להתבשל, והם בכורים:
ודמעך. התרומה, ואיני יודע מהו לשון דמע:
לא תאחר. לא תשנה סדר הפרשתן, לאחר את המוקדם ולהקדים את המאוחר, שלא יקדים תרומה לבכורים, ומעשר לתרומה:
בכור בניך תתן לי. לפדותו בחמש סלעים מן הכהן, והלא כבר צוה עליו במקום אחר, אלא כדי לסמוך לו כן תעשה לשורך, מה בכור אדם לאחר ל' יום פודהו, שנאמר וּפְדוּיָיו מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ תִּפְדֶּה (במדבר יח, טז), אף בכור בהמה דקה מטפל בו ל' יום, ואחר כך נותנו לכהן:
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
The firsts of thy fruits, and the firsts of thy wine-press, thou shalt not delay to bring up in their time to the place of My habitation. The firstlings of thy males thou shalt separate before Me.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
מלאתך. כנוי לתירוש ודמעך. כנוי ליצהר. והגאון רב סעדיה אמר כי מלת מלאתך כוללת המלאה מן הזרע. והמלאה מן היקב. ואמר כי דמעך רמז ליצהר. כי כאשר ידרך הזית הוא יורד טפות כמו הדמע. והנה פי' זה הכתוב במקום אחר. והוא ראשית דגנך תירושך ויצהרך. על כן עמו בכור בניך תתן לי. כי הוא ראשית אונו. ובן זוטא אמר כי מלאתך על ההריון. ודמעך כנוי לשכבת זרע והיא הטפה. ואמר לא תאחר שלא יעכב מלקחת לו אשה. על כן אחריו בכור בניך תתן לי. וזה שגעון למה הזכיר מלאתך לפני דמעך. כי דמעך לפי דעתו לשפוך זרע באשה ואחר כך תבא ההריון. ועוד כי דבר ההריון אינו ביד אדם רק ביד השם לבדו. ואמר יפת הזכיר הפסוק הזה שלא יאחר העני לתת מה שהוא חייב. כך תעשה לתת הבכור לכהן:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
M’LEIATHCHA V’DIM’ACHA’ (OF THE FULNESS OF THY HARVEST, AND OUT OF THE OUTFLOW OF THY PRESSES) THOU SHALT NOT DELAY TO OFFER. We find the word m’leiah with reference to seed, thus: lest there be forfeited ‘ham’leiah’ (the fulness) of the seed which thou hast sown, and again: ‘v’kamleiah’ (and as the fulness) of the winepress, meaning wine and oil, just as it is said, and the vats shall overflow with wine and oil.
It appears to me in connection with these terms, that fruits of the field and vineyard are called t’vuah [of the root bo — come in] because the farmers “bring” the whole crop in together to the homes. It is also called asif (the ingathering): ‘osef’ (the ingathering) shall not come; and the feast of ‘ha’asif’ (the ingathering). This is why produce is called m’leiah (fulness), because a gathering-together into one place of a mass of material or people is called milui (fulness): though there be called forth against him ‘m’lo’ (a multitude of) shepherds; even they are ‘malei’ (in full) cry after you; together against me ‘yitmalo’un’ — they gather themselves and come. Similarly, and his seed shall become ‘m’lo’ nations — means an assembly and multitude of nations.
It is further possible that produce is called m’leiah (full) as a substitute term for a blessing — that the granaries shall be full of corn, and the vats shall overflow with wine and oil, and the reaper fills his hands, and the binder of sheaves his bosom, and gathers grapes in the vintage. For when their portion is cursed Scripture says, Let them be as the grass upon the housetops, which withereth afore it springeth up; wherewith the reaper filleth not his hand, nor he that bindeth sheaves, his bosom, but when their portion is blessed, it is called m’leiah (full). And in that case dim’acha [literally: “your tear”] is an allusion to wine and oil, a usage borrowed from dim’ath ha’ayin (tear of the eye), because the drops from the grape and olive resemble the tear of the eye. Or it may be that all moisture that falls in globules — even drops of water — are called dim’ah (tear), such as: and mine eyes shall run down ‘dim’ah’ (with tear), and it is not a term used only for tears. And the intention of the verse is, that when you gather in the crops of the field, and the granaries will be full of corn, and you press …
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
מלאתך ודמעך אל תאחר, a reference to Deuteronomy 18,4 where the Torah warns not to be tardy in bringing the first fruit to Jerusalem as a gift to G’d. In chapter 22,9 such crops are called מלאה.
ודמעך, a reference to the harvest of the olive groves and the vineyards, the drops of the fruit being compared in appearance to human tears.
לא תאחר, do not be tardy in discharging this obligation but offer them as the first of all your tithes. The same applies to the redemption of the first born males for which the Torah stipulated that this be done at the completion of the first month after the baby is born.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
מלאתך, the heave for the priest of your grain harvest. The word מלאה appears to be borrowed from Genesis 41,22 where the good ears of corn in Pharaoh’s dream are described as such.
ודמעך, the parallel heave from your oil and grape harvest.
בכור בניך תתן לי, to perform all kinds of sacred duties. This includes service in the Temple, teaching Torah, something which in later periods became the foremost occupation of the priests, commented upon by Maleachi 2,7 with the line כי שפתי כהן ישמרו דעת והתורה יבקשו מפיהו, “for the lips of a priest guard knowledge, and men seeking rulings from his mouth, for he is a messenger of the Lord of Hosts.”
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria