23
Aliya 5
Les prémices nouvelles de ton sol, tu les apporteras dans la maison de l’Éternel ton Dieu. Tu ne feras point cuire un chevreau dans le lait de sa mère.
Aliya 6
Aliya 7
Qu’ils ne subsistent point sur ton territoire! Ils te feraient prévariquer contre moi; car tu adorerais leurs divinités et ce serait pour toi un écueil."
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Exode 23:11 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
But on the seventh [year] you must let it rest, and abandon it [by not eating its produce], and let the needy among your people eat it. What they leave over, the beasts of the field can eat. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive [trees].
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
And the seventh year it shall lie fallow [and not be worked] and you shall leave it [i.e., you shall not eat of its produce after the time of removal (see Leviticus 25:7)], and the poor of your people shall eat it, and what they leave shall be eaten by the animals of the field [(Just as it need not be tithed for animals, so it need not be tithed for the poor — whence it is derived that ma'aser does not obtain in the sabbatical year)]. Thus shall you [also] do with your vineyard and with your olive grove, [(what precedes applying to a grain field)].
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
וְהַשְּׁבִיעִ֞ת תִּשְׁמְטֶ֣נָּה וּנְטַשְׁתָּ֗הּ וְאָֽכְלוּ֙ אֶבְיֹנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔ךָ וְיִתְרָ֕ם תֹּאכַ֖ל חַיַּ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה כֵּֽן־תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה לְכַרְמְךָ֖ לְזֵיתֶֽךָ׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
but the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of thy people may eat; and what they leave the beast of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, and with thy oliveyard.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
וְהַשְּׁבִיעִ֞ת תִּשְׁמְטֶ֣נָּה וּנְטַשְׁתָּ֗הּ וְאָֽכְלוּ֙ אֶבְיֹנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔ךָ וְיִתְרָ֕ם תֹּאכַ֖ל חַיַּ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה כֵּֽן־תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה לְכַרְמְךָ֖ לְזֵיתֶֽךָ׃
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
והשביעת תשמטנה ונטשתה ואכלו אביני עמך ויתרם תאכל חית השדה כן תעשה לכרמך לזיתך
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
וְהַשְּׁבִיעִת תִּשְׁמְטֶנָּה וּנְטַשְׁתָּהּ וְאָכְלוּ אֶבְיֹנֵי עַמֶּךָ וְיִתְרָם תֹּאכַל חַיַּת הַשָּׂדֶה כֵּן־תַּעֲשֶׂה לְכַרְמְךָ לְזֵיתֶךָ׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
אָבער דאָס זיבעטע יאָר זאָלסטו עס פֿאַרלאָזן און עס איבערלאָזן פֿרײַ, כּדי די אבֿיוֹנים פֿון דײַן פֿאָלק זאָלן עסן; און װאָס בלײַבט פֿון זײ, זאָל עסן די חיה פֿון פֿעלד. דעס גלײַכן זאָלסטו טאָן מיט דײַן װײַנגאָרטן, מיט דײַן אײלבערטגאָרטן.
Licence: CC0
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
mais la septième, tu lui donneras du repos et en abandonneras les fruits, pour que les indigents de ton peuple en jouissent, le surplus pourra être consommé par les animaux des champs. Ainsi en useras-tu pour ta vigne et pour ton plant d’oliviers.
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
E nel settimo la lascerai incolta, e ne abbandonerai il prodotto, lasciando ch’il mangino gl’indigenti del tuo popolo, e ciò che ne avanza mangino le bestie selvagge. Lo stesso farai della tua vigna, e del tuo olivo.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
A siódmego zaniechasz ją; - zapuść ją, aby żywili się biedni ludu twego, a pozostałém po nich niech pożywi się zwierz polny: Tak postąpisz z winnicą twoją, z oliwnicą twoją.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die Heilige Schrift, trans. Dr. Simon Bernfeld, Berlin, 1902 - German [de]
Aber im siebenten lasse es brach und gib es preis, dass davon essen die Dürftigen deines Volkes, und was die übrig lassen, mögen die Tiere des Feldes essen; so mache es auch mit deinem Weinberge, mit deinem Ölbaum.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
aber das siebte hindurch lässest du es fahren und sagst dich von ihm los, daß es die Armen deines Volkes genießen und, was diese übrig lassen, das Tier des Feldes esse; also tust du deinem Weinberge, deinem Ölbaum.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
sed en la sepa jaro ripozigu ĝin kaj ne tuŝu ĝin, por ke manĝu la malriĉuloj el via popolo, kaj la restaĵon manĝu la bestoj de la kampo. Tiel same agu kun via vinberejo kaj kun via olivarbejo.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Exode 23:11
Rashi
עברית
תשמטנה. מעבודה:
ונטשתה. מאכילה אחר זמן הביעור. דבר אחר תשמטנה, מעבודה גמורה, כגון חרישה וזריעה. ונטשתה, מלזבל ומלקשקש:
ויתרם תאכל חית השדה. להקיש מאכל אביון למאכל חיה, מה חיה אוכלת בלא מעשר, אף אביונים אוכלים בלא מעשר, מכאן אמרו אין מעשר בשביעית (מכילתא פ"כ):
כן תעשה לכרמך. ותחלת המקרא מדבר בשדה הלבן, כמו שאמר למעלה הימנו תזרע את ארצך:
Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
but the seventh year thou shalt exempt it from labour, and give up the fruit of it to be eaten by the poor of My people; and what they leave shall be eaten by the beasts of the field. And in like manner shalt thou do with thy vine and olive grounds.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
והשביעית תשמטנה. היא שתקרא שמטה לה' ולא יגוש איש את רעהו האביון:
ונטשתה. שלא תזרע. וכמוהו ונטוש את השנה השביעית:
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
BUT THE SEVENTH YEAR ‘TISHM’TENAH U’N'TASHTAH’ (THOU SHALT LET IT REST AND LIE FALLOW). “Tishm’tenah — by not tilling it. U’n'tashtah by not eating of its produce after ‘the time of removal.’ Another interpretation: Tishm’tenah — from real work, such as plowing and sowing; u’n'tashtah — from hoeing or manuring it.” This is Rashi’s language. But it is not correct, for according to the law of the Torah we have only been warned against plowing and sowing in the seventh year, but hoeing and manuring, and even weeding, hoeing under the vines, and cutting away thorns, and all other forms of agricultural work, are not forbidden by law of the Torah. This is the conclusion that the Rabbis came to [after a discussion of this matter] at the beginning of Tractate Moed Katan in the Chapter Mashkin: that the Merciful One forbade only plowing and sowing in the seventh year, but did not prohibit secondary kinds of work [such as hoeing, manuring, etc.], which are all forbidden only by Rabbinic ordinance, and the verse mentioned [there in the Talmud] in connection with these secondary kinds of work is a mere support in the Scriptural text. Note 449. Similarly, the law of “removal” is not derived from this verse [as Rashi explained here].
Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra wrote: “Tishm’tenah means: every creditor ‘shamot’ (shall release) that which he hath lent unto his neighbor. — U’n'tashtah means that you should not sow your field.” But it is not a correct comment. Instead, [the true explanation is that] Scripture first said, six years thou shalt sow and gather in the increase thereof, but the seventh year ‘tishm’tenah’ — you should not sow your land; u’n'tashtah — you should not gather in its increase, but instead you are to leave it so that the poor of your people and the beasts of the field may eat the fruits of the tree and the produce of the vineyard. In a similar sense is the verse, ‘v’nitash’ the seventh year, [which thus means: “and we will not gather in the increase of the field in the seventh year”].
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
לכרמך ולזיתך, parallel to what the Torah legislated concerning the grain harvest. It is a rule in the Torah to mention these agricultural products under the headings ofדגן, תירוש, יצהר, meaning different types of grain, orchard products, and oil produced by the olive trees. The legislation includes all food products grown from the soil.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
תשמטנה, a reference to sh’mittat kessaphim, relinquishing outstanding overdue debts at the end of the agricultural Sh’mittah year. The legislation is spelled out in greater detail in Deuteronomy 15,2 .
ונטשתה ואכלו אביוני עמך, during the agricultural sh’mittah year the poor will also share in all the crops.
ויתרם, after the poor have taken what they want,
תאכל חית השדה, the poor people had first claim. We have been taught in Taanit 20 that one must not feed the dogs food which is fit for human consumption.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria