12
Vous ne mangerez d’aucune pâte levée; dans toutes vos demeures vous consommerez des pains azymes."
Aliya 5
Aliya 6
et le Seigneur avait inspiré pour ce peuple de la bienveillance aux Égyptiens, qui lui prêtèrent, de sorte qu’il dépouilla les Égyptiens.
C’était la Nuit prédestinée par l’Éternel, pour leur sortie du pays d’Égypte; c’est cette même nuit instituée par le Seigneur, comme prédestinée à toutes les générations des enfants d’Israël.
Or, ce fut ce jour-là même que l’ Éternel fit sortir les Israélites du pays d’Égypte, selon leurs légions.
Miqra according to the Masorah · Licence: CC BY-SA · Source
Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr] · Licence: Public Domain · Source
Exode 12:12 dans toutes les traductions
English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009
I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night, and I will strike [kill] every first-born in the land of Egypt, from man to beast; and against all the gods of Egypt, I will execute judgments, I am Adonoy.
Licence: CC BY
English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein
And I shall pass through the land of Egypt in this night, and I shall smite every first-born in the land of Egypt [(even first-born of other nations in the land of Egypt)], from man until beast; and upon all the gods of Egypt I shall wreak judgments, [wooden idols rotting and metal ones melting]; I am the L-rd [I shall do this Myself and not through a messenger.]
Licence: CC BY
עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah
וְעָבַרְתִּ֣י בְאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַ֘יִם֮ בַּלַּ֣יְלָה הַזֶּה֒ וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י כׇל־בְּכוֹר֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם מֵאָדָ֖ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֑ה וּבְכׇל־אֱלֹהֵ֥י מִצְרַ֛יִם אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה שְׁפָטִ֖ים אֲנִ֥י יְהֹוָֽה׃
Licence: CC BY-SA
English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)
For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the LORD.
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra
וְעָבַרְתִּ֣י בְאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֮ בַּלַּ֣יְלָה הַזֶּה֒ וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י כָל־בְּכוֹר֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם מֵאָדָ֖ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֑ה וּבְכָל־אֱלֹהֵ֥י מִצְרַ֛יִם אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה שְׁפָטִ֖ים אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Text Only
ועברתי בארץ מצרים בלילה הזה והכיתי כל בכור בארץ מצרים מאדם ועד בהמה ובכל אלהי מצרים אעשה שפטים אני יהוה
Licence: Public Domain
עברית · Tanach with Nikkud
וְעָבַרְתִּי בְאֶרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם בַּלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה וְהִכֵּיתִי כָל־בְּכוֹר בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם מֵאָדָם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָה וּבְכָל־אֱלֹהֵי מִצְרַיִם אֶעֱשֶׂה שְׁפָטִים אֲנִי יְהוָה׃
Licence: Public Domain
ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]
און איך װעל דורכגײן דורכן לאַנד מִצרַיִם אין דערדאָזיקער נאַכט, און װעל שלאָגן יעטװעדער בכָור אין לאַנד מִצרַיִם, פֿון אַ מענטשן ביז אַ בהמה; און אױף אַלע געטער פֿון מִצרַיִם װעל איך טאָן אַ משפּט; איך בין יהוה.
Licence: CC0
Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]
Je parcourrai le pays d’Égypte, cette même nuit; je frapperai tout premier-né dans le pays d’Égypte, depuis l’homme jusqu’à la bête et je ferai justice de toutes les divinités de l’Égypte, moi l’Éternel!
Licence: Public Domain
Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]
Io scorrerò il paese d’Egitto in quella notte, e percoterò ogni primogenito nel paese d’Egitto, degli uomini e delle bestie; come pure su tutti gli dèi dell’Egitto eserciterò castighi. Son io il Signore.
Licence: Public Domain
Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]
I przejdę po ziemi Micraim tej samej nocy, i porażę wszelkie pierworodne w ziemi Micraim, - od człowieka do bydlęcia, i nad wszystkiemi bożyszczami Micraimu wykonam sądy: Jam Wiekuisty.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Die Heilige Schrift, trans. Dr. Simon Bernfeld, Berlin, 1902 - German [de]
Und ich werde ziehen durch das Land Ägypten in dieser Nacht und schlagen alle Erstgeborenen im Land Ägypten, Menschen und Vieh, und an allen Göttern Ägyptens werde ich Strafgerichte üben, Ich, der Herr.
Licence: Public Domain
Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]
Ich ziehe durchs Land Mizrajim in dieser Nacht und erschlage jeden Erstgebornen im Lande Mizrajim von Menschen bis Vieh, und an allen Göttern Mizrajims übe ich Gerichte, Ich, Gott.
Licence: Public Domain
Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]
Kaj Mi trairos la landon Egiptan en tiu nokto, kaj Mi batos ĉiun unuenaskiton en la lando Egipta, de la homoj ĝis la brutoj; kaj super ĉiuj dioj de Egiptujo Mi faros juĝon, Mi, la Eternulo.
Licence: Public Domain
Commentaires sur Exode 12:12
Rashi
English
And I will pass. Like a king who passes from place to place. In a single pass and in a single moment they were all smitten.
Every first-born in the land of Egypt. Even other firstborns and they are in Egypt. And from where [do we learn that it applied to] Egyptian firstborns in other places? It says (Psalms 136:10) "Who strikes Egypt in their firstborns".
From man until beast. He who started the sin, from him the punishment began.
And to all the gods of Egypt. Of wood, they would rot. Of metal, they would melt and be poured to the earth.
I will judge, I am Hashem. I myself, and not through a messenger.
Sefaria Community Translation · Licence: CC0 · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Targum Jonathan
English
And I will be revealed in the land of Mizraim in the majesty of My glory this night, and with Me ninety thousand myriads of destroying angels; and I will slay all the firstborn in the land of Mizraim, of man and of beast, and against all the idols of the Mizraee I will execute four judgments: the molten idols shall be melted, the idols of stone be broken, the idols of clay shall he shattered, and the idols of wood be made dust, that the Mizraee may know that I am the Lord.
The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ibn Ezra
עברית
ועברתי בארץ מצרים. כי כח השם וגבורותיו הם העוברים. כאלו השם עובר:
ובכל אלהי מצרים אעשה שפטים. כדרך וראש דגון נופל לפניו ארצה. וכן כתוב ובאלהיהם עשה ה' שפטים.
On Your Way · Licence: Public Domain · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Ramban (Nachmanides)
English
AND AGAINST ALL THE GODS OF EGYPT WILL I EXECUTE JUDGMENTS. The idol of wood rotted, and the one of metal melted.
Now Scripture did not elucidate the nature of these judgments because the vanities by which they are instructed are but timber. Similarly, at the time when this actually took place, it is written, And the Eternal smote all the firstborn … and all the firstborn of cattle, but does not mention the judgments executed against their gods. Their apprehension [on that night] concerned the death of the firstborn, as it is said, And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians,, Verse 30. The verse there clearly states that “the great cry” was due to the death of the firstborn. whereas the judgments executed against their idols did not come to be known till the morning when they went to the house of their abominations. And it is written, And the Egyptians were burying them that the Eternal had smitten among them, even all their firstborn, and upon their gods the Eternal executed judgments.
In my opinion, Scripture alludes here to the lords on high, the gods of Egypt, something like the verse, The Eternal will punish the host of the high heavens on high, and the kings of the earth upon the earth. Thus He subdued the power of the Egyptians and that of the lords over them. But Scripture hints and deals briefly with hidden matters.
Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Rashbam
English
אעשה שפטים. This was because the Egyptians had put their trust in these deities; G’d had to demonstrate their utter helplessness to help themselves, much less those who worshipped them. It was an indirect response to Pharaoh’s insolence in asking “Who is Hashem, etc.?” (5,2)
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria
Sforno
English
ועברתי, in the sense of Psalms 78,50 יפלס נתיב לאפו, “He cleared a path for His anger;” something an agent, i.e. angel could not do. [once the agent has been given permission to wreak havoc, he cannot distinguish between the innocent and the guilty in that domain. Ed.]
והכיתי כל בכור, “I, personally, seeing I can distinguish between the drops of semen which become a firstborn and those that do not.”
ובכל אלוהי מצרים אעשה שפטים, I will humble the celestial representatives of the nation of Egypt. Once I have neutralised them, I can apply My retribution to their protégées with increased force.
'אני ה. This is something reserved for G’d personally, exclusively. The author of the Haggadah shel Pessach paraphrases this by writing אני הוא ולא אחר, “I alone and no one else.” This expression explains all that has been written before, i.e. why in this instance G’d personally had to mete out the retribution as opposed to the angel who killed 185,000 men of Sancheriv’s army all in the same night without assistance. (Kings II 19,35) There the angel did not have to divine who was a firstborn and who was not.
Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · Licence: CC-BY · Commentaire complet sur Sefaria